Temperature and salinity data from the Indian scientific expeditions to Southern Ocean

Temperature and salinity data collected from the various Southern Ocean expeditions (SOE) during 2010, 2011, 2017, 2018, and 2020. Except for SOE 2010, the Conductivity, Temperature, Depth (CTD) instrument used during the cruises were SBE 911plus, with the temperature and conductivity accuracy of ± 0.001°C and ±0.0001 S m−1, respectively. During SOE 2010, a portable SBE 19plus CTD was used to collect the temperature and salinity data. The CTD data was processed using the standard protocol of manufacture supplied software downcast data. Field calibration of CTD salinity data was carried out against the laboratory determination of salinity using salinometer (Guildline 8400B). We have used UCTD (Rudnick and Klinke, 2007) during December-2017 (referred as austral summer 2018) and XCTD during January-2017 for the collection of temperature and salinity along a section from 60°S and 67°S between 70°E and 74°E. The XCTD profiles were quality controlled by following the guidelines in the Uchida et al. (2011). The temperature accuracy of XCTD and UCTD probes are ±0.02°C.