Gender-Based Differences in Anxiety and Depression Following Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract Background: Among patients with heart disease, depression and anxiety disorders are highly prevalent and persistent. Both depression and anxiety play a significant role in cardiovascular disease progression and are acknowledged to be independent risk factors. However, there is very little gender-related analysis concerning cardiovascular diseases and emotional disorders. Objective: We aimed to evaluate depression and anxiety levels in patients suffering from myocardial infarction [MI] within the first month after the MI and to assess the association between cardiovascular disease risk factors, demographic indicators and emotional disorders, as well as to determine whether there are gender-based differences or similarities. Methods: This survey included demographic questions, clinical characteristics, questions about cardiovascular disease risk factors and the use of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]. All statistical tests were two-sided, and p values摘要 背景：在心脏病患者群体中，抑郁与焦虑障碍的患病率极高且病程迁延。抑郁与焦虑均对心血管疾病的进展具有显著影响，且被公认为独立的危险因素。然而，针对心血管疾病与情绪障碍的性别相关分析仍较为匮乏。 目的：本研究旨在评估心肌梗死（myocardial infarction, MI）患者发病后1个月内的抑郁与焦虑水平，分析心血管疾病危险因素、人口学指标与情绪障碍之间的关联，并探究是否存在基于性别的差异与共性。 方法：本调查涵盖人口统计学问题、临床特征、心血管疾病危险因素相关问卷以及医院焦虑抑郁量表（Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HADS）的使用情况。所有统计学检验均采用双侧检验，p值