Relations between tourism public policies and the actions of tourist services in the municipality of Bonito, a national ecotourism pole

Abstract: The tourism public politics and the tourist services are means that enable the organization and realization of tourist activity, an important source of income for several regions, in Brazil and worldwide. In Bonito, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, the natural environment is the great responsible for the tourist's demand, which, and not only for this reason, should receive attention from public and private agencies with a view to its sustainability, because the existence or not of public policies the way in which the relations between the components of the tourism activity occur interfere in its development of tourism. Thus, this article intends to understand the relationships between the public politics of tourism and the actions of the tourist services, in Bonito, in the perspective of the natural environment. The methodology used was quantitative and qualitative of a descriptive-exploratory nature, through the application of a questionnaire applied in the tourist services of Bonito, appraised with the aid of the software Sphinx Léxica 5.0. The results indicated that as much the publics politics of tourism as the actions developed by tourist services are still insufficient to guarantee the conservation of the natural way. They are few the actions accomplished by the section and, of those, a small parcel happens for influence of the government organs through their politics, demonstrating, therefore, that the relationships are still inexpressive. The relationships exist but do not occur in an appropriate way to favor tourism practices, considering what has been called environmental sustainability.

摘要：旅游公共政策与旅游服务是支撑旅游活动组织与开展的重要手段，同时也是巴西乃至全球诸多地区的重要收入来源。在南马托格罗索州（Mato Grosso do Sul）博尼图市（Bonito），自然环境是吸引游客需求的核心驱动因素，正因如此，该地区的自然环境理应受到公共与私营机构的高度重视，以实现可持续发展。究其根源，旅游活动各构成要素间的互动模式以及公共政策的实施与否，均会对旅游业的发展产生直接影响。有鉴于此，本文旨在以南马托格罗索州博尼图市为研究场景，从自然环境视角出发，探析旅游公共政策与旅游服务举措之间的互动关系。本研究采用描述性探索性的定量与定性结合研究方法，针对博尼图市的旅游服务机构发放调查问卷，并借助Sphinx Léxica 5.0软件对调研数据进行分析。研究结果显示，无论是旅游公共政策的落地实施，还是旅游服务机构所开展的相关举措，均不足以保障自然环境的保护工作。当前相关部门所推行的旅游相关举措寥寥无几，而其中仅有极小一部分是受政府机构的政策引导而开展的，由此可见，二者之间的互动关系仍较为薄弱。尽管二者确实存在互动，但从环境可持续性的视角来看，其互动模式尚未达到能够有效助力旅游业健康发展的水平。