Antibiotic resistance in opportunistic pathogens from isolated from hospital sewage and wastewater treatment plants

As antibiotic resistance, especially for cephalosporins of 3rd and 4th generations, and carbapenems are emerging in hospitals we sampled hospital sewage and treated wastewater from the wastewater treatment plant, cultivated and analyzed Enterobacterales species for their phenotypic (their susceptibility for various antibiotic classes) and genotypic characteristics (resistance genes, MLST, WGS). Assessing similarities between bacteria from hospital sewage and treated wastewater could help with a better understanding of the dissemination of antibiotic resistance from the source (hospitals) and directly into the environment (wastewater).