Parkes observations for project P1050 semester 2023OCTS_16

This is a request for the observation time for the timing campaign of new pulsars discovered in the reprocessing of the low-latitude Galactic plane section of the HTRU-S survey (HTRU-S LowLat) and the Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey (PMPS). We have completed 90 % of the HTRU-S LowLat survey and completed zero acceleration PMPS search with GPU-based coherent acceleration search, template bank, and fast folding algorithm pipelines and now have discovered 112 previously unknown pulsars among which 18 were found in the PMPS. Interesting science can usually only be derived from a new pulsar after confirmation, and a follow-up timing campaign is carried out. At least 1-2 year of initial timing is the minimum timespan required to fully characterise any newly-discovered pulsars, essential for deriving pulsar parameters such as the characteristic age, magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate, as well as for detecting any unexpected behaviour of the pulsar which might result from emission instabilities. This project is necessary for the timing of several interesting pulsars, including binary pulsars, high DM pulsars, scattered profile pulsars, and bright ones that show emissions in larger bandwidths in the UWL band. Apart from this, finding the nature of a unique binary pulsar system via a dedicated observing campaign is also another goal. The follow-up timing in semester 2023OCTS will assist in completing many exciting large-term science goals.

本申请旨在获取针对HTRU-S巡天低银纬银道面区域（HTRU-S LowLat）与帕克斯多波束脉冲星巡天（Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey, PMPS）再处理中发现的新脉冲星开展计时观测项目所需的观测时长。我们已完成HTRU-S LowLat巡天90%的观测任务，并基于图形处理器（Graphics Processing Unit, GPU）实现的相干加速搜索、模板库与快速折叠算法流程完成了零加速度PMPS搜索，目前已发现112颗此前未被记录的脉冲星，其中18颗来自PMPS巡天。新脉冲星通常仅在得到确认并开展后续计时观测项目后，才能产出有价值的科学成果。为完整表征任意新发现脉冲星的物理特性，至少需要1至2年的初始计时观测时长，这对推导脉冲星特征年龄、磁场强度与自转减速率等参数，以及探测可能由辐射不稳定性引发的脉冲星异常行为至关重要。本项目需针对多类具有科学价值的脉冲星开展计时观测，包括双星脉冲星、高色散量（Dispersion Measure, DM）脉冲星、展宽轮廓脉冲星，以及在UWL波段（Ultra-Wideband, UWL）拥有更大带宽辐射的亮脉冲星。此外，通过专属观测项目探明一颗独特双星脉冲星系统的本质，亦是本项目的另一科学目标。2023OCTS学期开展的后续计时观测，将助力我们达成多项极具意义的长期科学目标。