Monitoring mangrove crab Ucides cordatus Linnaeus, 1763 (Crustacea: Ucididae) landing in the Parnaíba River Delta: fishing characteristics, social and economic aspects

Abstract The century-old mangrove crab Ucides cordatus Linnaeus, 1763 harvesting is a traditional activity of Northeastern Brazilian coastal communities, who use it as food, source of income and cultural reference. The extractivism and marketing of this crustacean is essential for the socio-economic development of the states of Maranhão, Piauí and Ceará. The aim of this study was to carry out the monitoring of harvesting and landing of the mangrove crab in Ilha Grande, PI. Interviews were conducted with crab gatherers and transporters to obtain information about harvesting, landed volume, market price and destination of commercialized crab. The main capture spots were located at the Maranhão part of the Parnaíba River Delta. Crab gatherers are active 5.07 times a week and spend an average of 6 hours in mangrove. The average number of crabs collected per gatherer/day was 77.0. The quantity landed in daytime period was 63,628 crabs/month, totalizing 714,543 crabs/year. The average price traded was USD 0.19/crab. The production chain of mangrove crab harvesting requires planning for maintain the natural stocks and aggregation of value to the product, benefiting the appreciation of crab gatherers.

摘要 百年以来，红树林蟹（Ucides cordatus Linnaeus, 1763）捕捞是巴西东北部沿海社区的传统生计活动，当地社区将其作为食物、收入来源与文化符号。该甲壳类物种的采捕与售卖活动，对马拉尼昂州、皮奥伊州（PI）、塞阿拉州的社会经济发展至关重要。本研究旨在对皮奥伊州大岛（Ilha Grande, PI）的红树林蟹捕捞与上岸量开展监测。研究人员对蟹类采集者与运输者进行访谈，以获取捕捞作业情况、上岸总量、市场价格及商品蟹流向等相关信息。本次研究的主要捕捞点位位于帕纳伊巴河三角洲的马拉尼昂州辖区范围。蟹类采集者每周开展捕捞活动5.07次，平均每次在红树林作业时长为6小时。每位采集者每日平均采集红树林蟹77只。日间上岸的红树林蟹月均产量为63628只，年总产量达714543只。交易均价为每只0.19美元。红树林蟹捕捞产业链需制定规划以维持其自然种群存量，并提升产品附加值，从而助力蟹类采集者的收益提升。