Groundwater Level Variation Dataset in China's Arid Regions

In China's arid regions, the dynamic changes in groundwater levels are influenced by both natural factors (such as precipitation, evaporation, and soil moisture) and anthropogenic factors (such as agricultural irrigation, urban water use, and industrial extraction). As climate change and human activities intensify, fluctuations in groundwater levels are expected to become more pronounced, especially in water-scarce arid areas. This study has compiled a dataset of groundwater level variations from observation wells in China's arid regions, containing measured data from 2005 to 2020. The dataset includes specific information such as observation point names, geographic locations, hydrological geological units, types of groundwater, monitoring depths, average annual burial depths, and average annual fluctuation information. The data collection process involved selecting representative observation wells for long-term monitoring, regularly recording groundwater levels using automated equipment, and analyzing these levels in conjunction with meteorological data, as well as organizing and standardizing the collected data. Researchers and policymakers can utilize this dataset for applications in water resource management, ecological environmental protection, and climate change research. By conducting in-depth analyses and interpretations of the data, they can understand the driving factors behind changes in groundwater levels, providing a scientific basis for the sustainable use of water resources.

在中国干旱地区，地下水位 (groundwater level) 动态变化同时受自然因素和人为因素双重影响。其中自然因素包括降水、蒸发与土壤湿度，人为因素则涵盖农业灌溉、城市用水与工业开采。随着气候变化与人类活动加剧，地下水位波动预计将愈发显著，在水资源匮乏的干旱地区尤为突出。本研究整合了中国干旱区观测井 (observation well) 的地下水位变化数据集，涵盖2005年至2020年的实测数据。该数据集包含观测点名称、地理位置、水文地质单元 (hydrological geological unit)、地下水 (groundwater) 类型、监测埋深、年均埋深以及年均波动信息等具体内容。数据采集流程包括遴选代表性观测井开展长期监测，采用自动化设备定期记录地下水位，结合气象数据对水位数据进行分析，同时对采集到的数据进行整理与标准化处理。研究人员与政策制定者可利用该数据集开展水资源管理、生态环境保护以及气候变化研究相关应用。通过对数据进行深入分析与解读，可明晰地下水位变化的驱动因素，为水资源可持续利用提供科学依据。