PHYSIOLOGICAL RIPENESS OF PEPPER 'BODE VERMELHA' SEEDS

ABSTRACT: This research aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.) var. Bode Vermelha seeds, obtained from fruits at different ripening stages. The fruits of C. Chinese were separated according to the ripening stages, based on pericarp color (green fruits - stage 1, orange fruits - stage 2, light red fruits - stage 3, red fruits - stage 4, and carmine-red fruits - stage 5). To evaluate the ripeness and the physiological quality of the seeds were determined the biometric characteristics of the fruits and seeds, mass of thousand seeds, seeds water content, electrical conductivity, standard germinations test, speed of germination index, percentage of normal seedlings, speed of seedlings formation, accelerated aging, and seedling length. The characters length, diameter, weight, and number of seeds of the fruits and length, width, thickness, and mass of the seeds were analyzed by the estimated parameters using descriptive statistics. For the other variables was used the completely randomized design. The results were submitted to variance analysis and comparison of means by the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability. The ripeness stage affects the physiological quality of C. chinense Jacq. var. Bode Red seeds, being the seeds from red (stage 4) to carmine-red (stage 5) fruits those with the best performance thus, they are physiologically ripe, being the most indicated to seeds obtaining.摘要：本研究旨在评估从不同成熟阶段果实中采收的波德红（Bode Vermelha）黄灯笼辣椒（Capsicum chinense Jacq.）种子的生理品质。供试C. chinense辣椒果实依据果皮颜色划分为5个成熟阶段：绿色果实为阶段1、橙色果实为阶段2、浅红色果实为阶段3、红色果实为阶段4、酱红色果实为阶段5。本研究通过测定果实与种子的生物统计特征、千粒质量、种子含水量、电导率、标准发芽试验、发芽速率指数、正常幼苗百分率、幼苗形成速率、加速老化试验及幼苗长度，以评估种子成熟度与生理品质。针对果实的长度、直径、质量、单果种子数以及种子的长度、宽度、厚度和质量等性状，采用描述性统计的估计参数开展分析；其余变量则采用完全随机试验设计。试验结果经方差分析后，采用斯科特-诺特检验（Scott-Knott）在5%显著水平下进行均值多重比较。结果表明，成熟阶段对C. chinense Jacq. var. Bode Vermelha辣椒种子的生理品质具有显著影响；其中，采自红色果实（阶段4）至酱红色果实（阶段5）的种子表现最优，已达到生理成熟状态，是获取优质种子的最适宜采收阶段。