Checklist of the lichens of the Cabañeros National Park and the surrounding territory

The dataset contains 602 species (4606 records) collected/observed during several field studies carried out since the year 2001. A total of 120 localities were sampled, covering a wide range of substrates, altitudes, orientations, land uses and different types of Mediterranean forests and shrublands. We have identified 303 epiphytic species (Arbutus unedo, Cistus ladanifer, Fraxinus angustifolia, Juniperus oxycedrus, Quercus ilex, Q. faginea, Q. pyrenaica, Q. suber, ...), 102 terricolous species (forest slopes and bare soils) and 324 saxicolous species (quartzites, slates, granites, and limestone rocks). Only 4% of the species grew on three types of substrates (rock-soil-bark), 12% of the species grew on two types of substrates (soil-bark or soil-rock), while the rest of the species were substrate specific. This high diversity (more than a fifth of the total lichen species of the Iberian Peninsula) is linked to an enormous variety of substrates and environmental conditions, further favored by the presence of several unmanaged and well-preserved forests. Areas with higher lichen diversity were: Chorro Valley, Boquerón del Estena and the surrounding territory, and Gargantilla land. The checklist is annotated with information on the species, province, municipality, locality, geographic position, altitude, habitat, collector name, date, and associated reference. When the same geographical information of a specific specimen is referenced in several scientific papers (e.g., taxonomic, floristic, phylogenetic, ecology papers), we have chosen to add just one reference (generally the oldest).本数据集收录了2001年以来多次野外调查中采集/观测得到的602个物种，共计4606条记录。本次调查共设置120个采样点位，覆盖了多样的基质类型、海拔梯度、坡向、土地利用类型，以及不同类别的地中海森林与灌丛群落。已鉴定出303种附生地衣（包括香桃木莓*Arbutus unedo*、半日花*Cistus ladanifer*、窄叶白蜡*Fraxinus angustifolia*、刺桧*Juniperus oxycedrus*、冬青栎*Quercus ilex*、法氏栎*Q. faginea*、比利牛斯栎*Q. pyrenaica*、栓皮栎*Q. suber*等）、102种土生地衣（生于林坡与裸土）以及324种石生地衣（生于石英岩、板岩、花岗岩与石灰岩岩体）。仅4%的物种可同时在三类基质（岩石-土壤-树皮）上生长，12%的物种可在两类基质（土壤-树皮或土壤-岩石）上存活，其余物种均为基质专性物种。本数据集具有极高的物种多样性，涵盖伊比利亚半岛地衣总物种数的五分之一以上，这一特征与丰富多样的基质类型和环境条件紧密相关，而多处未受人为干扰、保存完好的森林进一步促进了物种多样性的维持。地衣多样性较高的区域包括：乔罗谷（Chorro Valley）、埃斯特纳隘口（Boquerón del Estena）及其周边区域，以及加尔甘蒂利亚地区。本物种名录附带详细注释信息，包括物种名称、所属省份、市县、采样点位、地理位置、海拔、生境类型、采集者姓名、采集日期以及相关参考文献。当同一份标本的地理信息在多篇学术论文（如分类学、区系学、系统发育学、生态学研究论文）中被引用时，本数据集仅选取一条参考文献进行标注，通常为最早发表的文献。