Data from: Convergent evolution of floral shape tied to pollinator shifts in Iochrominae (Solanaceae)

Flower form is one of many floral features thought to be shaped by pollinator-mediated selection. Although the drivers of variation in flower shape have often been examined in microevolutionary studies, relatively few have tested the relationship between shape evolution and shifts in pollination system across clades. In the present study, we use morphometric approaches to quantify shape variation across the Andean clade Iochrominae and estimate the relationship between changes in shape and shifts in pollination system using phylogenetic comparative methods. We infer multiple shifts from an ancestral state of narrow, tubular flowers toward open, bowl-shaped or campanulate flowers as well as one reversal to the tubular form. These transitions in flower shape are significantly correlated with changes in pollination system. Specifically, tubular forms tend to be hummingbird-pollinated and the open forms tend to be insect-pollinated, a pattern consistent with experimental work as well as classical floral syndromes. Nonetheless, our study provides one of the few empirical demonstrations of the relationship between flower shape and pollination system at a macroevolutionary scale.

花形是诸多花部特征之一，被认为是由传粉者介导的选择作用塑造演化的。尽管微演化研究中常探讨花形变异的驱动因子，但跨演化支检验花形演化与传粉系统转变之间关联的研究仍相对较少。本研究采用形态计量学方法，量化安第斯演化支彩花亚族（Iochrominae）的花形变异，并通过系统发育比较方法推断花形变化与传粉系统转变之间的关联。我们推断，该类群从祖先的窄管状花形态，多次演化出开放、碗状或钟状的花形态，且曾发生过一次向管状花形态的逆转。这些花形转变与传粉系统的变化存在显著相关性。具体而言，管状花多为蜂鸟传粉，而开放型花多为昆虫传粉，这一模式与实验研究及经典的传粉综合征（floral syndromes）相符。尽管如此，本研究仍是为数不多在宏观演化尺度上验证花形与传粉系统之间关联的实证研究之一。