Power readings.

The world has a lot of want for energy due to the rapid pace of its consumption. The world’s energy resources, especially non-renewable sources, are vanishing by leaps and bounds. However, agencies like the Paris Climate Agreement and the United Nations Sustainable development have defined some preventive measures to consider while consuming energy. The main issue in Pakistan is that the consumer is not supplied with electric power in a managed way, and the way of installation causes a lot of impairment to the expensive tools in the power distribution system. The motivation of this research focuses on energy management, making the distribution authority more powerful, digitalization, and protection of expensive components in electrical power systems. The proposed methodology uses current and voltage sensors to remotely monitor the amount of power being supplied to the consumer continuously, along with a microcontroller responsible for activating the relay in case of over-consumption and the Global System for Mobile (GSM) network to warn the consumer and inform the authority. This research work prevents manual and laborious meter readings and protects electrical instruments. Further, this work can enable online billing, pre-paid billing, and energy saving and provide a base for power theft detection.当前全球能源消费增速极快，能源需求规模庞大。全球能源资源，尤其是不可再生能源，正以极快的速度趋于枯竭。不过，诸如《巴黎气候协定》（Paris Climate Agreement）与联合国可持续发展（United Nations Sustainable development）等相关主体已制定了若干能源消费过程中需遵循的预防性措施。巴基斯坦当前面临的核心难题是，电力供应未采用规范化方式进行配送，且现有电力配送系统的安装方式会对其中的高价设备造成严重损耗。本研究的核心动机聚焦于能源管理、强化配电管理机构的管控能力、推进电力系统的数字化转型，以及保护电力系统中的高价组件。本研究提出的方法采用电流与电压传感器，对持续向用户配送的电力电量进行远程监控；同时搭配微控制器，在用户出现用电过载时触发继电器，并借助全球移动通信系统（Global System for Mobile, GSM）向用户发出预警，同时向相关管理机构通报相关情况。本研究可免去繁琐费力的人工抄表工作，同时能够保护电力设备。此外，本研究可支持在线计费、预付费计费与节能，并可为电力窃电检测提供基础支撑。