Clinical relevance of viral load in human bocavirus infection; a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

The Human bocavirus (HBoV), a parvovirus linked to respiratory and gastrointestinal infections, is frequently detected alongside other pathogens, complicating its clinical interpretation. High viral load (HVL) of HBoV mostly corresponds with symptomatic infection, the presentation of a correlation between viral load and severity of disease in humans remains elusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024622377) and adhering to PRISMA guidelines, evaluated the association between HBoV viral load (HVL) and disease severity, comparing mono-infections and coinfections. From 19 studies (23,546 patients; 2305 HBoV-positive cases), coinfection prevalence (57.7%) exceeded mono-infection (42.3%). Overall, odds of HVL in HBoV infection were significantly lower as compared to LVL across all HBoV positive cases (OR = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.29–0.36; p p人博卡病毒（Human bocavirus, HBoV）是一种与呼吸道及胃肠道感染相关的细小病毒（parvovirus），常与其他病原体共同检出，使其临床解读更为复杂。人博卡病毒高病毒载量（high viral load, HVL）多与有症状感染相关，但病毒载量与人类疾病严重程度之间的关联仍尚不明确。本项已在PROSPERO平台注册（注册号CRD42024622377）且遵循PRISMA指南的系统综述（systematic review）与荟萃分析（meta-analysis），旨在评估人博卡病毒载量（HVL）与疾病严重程度的关联，并对比单纯感染（mono-infections）与混合感染（coinfections）的差异。本次研究共纳入19项相关研究，涉及23546名患者，其中2305例为人博卡病毒阳性病例；混合感染的检出率达57.7%，高于单纯感染的42.3%。整体而言，在所有人博卡病毒阳性病例中，伴高病毒载量的人博卡病毒感染的发生比值较之于低病毒载量（low viral load, LVL）显著更低（比值比OR=0.32；95%置信区间CI：0.29–0.36；p p）