EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF MATRICARIA RECUTITA AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY ON TISSUE REPAIR IN ORAL MUCOSA OF RATS

Ulcers are common oral cavity lesions. The search for treatments that accelerate the healing of these lesions is of constant interest. Matricaria recutita is a plant with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and healing properties, and antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) eradicates microorganisms, which favors tissue repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the topical use of chamomile with or without aPDT on tissue repair in the dorsum of the tongue of rats. Seventy-five male Wistar rats underwent standardized ulceration on the dorsum of the tongue using a punch of 5 mm diameter and were randomly allocated into the following groups: control (G1), Chamomile Fluid Extract (G2), Chamomile Infusion (G3), aPDT (G4), and Chamomile Infusion + aPDT (G5). On the 3rd, 7th, and 14th days postoperatively, euthanasia was performed, and the ulcers were measured using calipers. The presence of edema, inflammatory infiltrate, cellularity, re-epithelialization, and characterization of total collagen were evaluated using sections stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and Red Sirius. Histomorphometric analyses of the percentage of total collagen, the distance from the basal layer to the epithelial surface, and the thickness of the stratum corneum were performed. G2 positively modulated the exudative and proliferative phases of repair, both clinically (p<0.0001) and histologically, whether in descriptive or inferential analyses (p<0.05). G3 showed a significant difference in clinical parameters compared with G1 (p<0.0001). G4 and G5 did not positively modulate tissue repair. The Chamomile Fluid Extract showed better outcomes for tissue repair in the rat tongue. There were differences in the clinical, histological, and histomorphometric patterns among this study’s experimental groups.

溃疡是常见的口腔腔道病变，探寻可加速此类病变愈合的治疗方案始终是学界持续关注的研究热点。洋甘菊（Matricaria recutita）兼具抗菌、抗炎与促组织修复的特性，而抗菌光动力疗法（antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy, aPDT）可通过清除微生物以促进组织修复。本研究旨在评估局部使用洋甘菊联合或不联合aPDT对大鼠舌背组织修复的影响。本研究选取75只雄性Wistar大鼠，采用直径5mm的组织打孔器在其舌背制备标准化溃疡模型，随后将大鼠随机分为5组：对照组（G1）、洋甘菊流体提取物组（G2）、洋甘菊浸剂组（G3）、aPDT组（G4）以及洋甘菊浸剂联合aPDT组（G5）。分别于术后第3、7、14天处死大鼠，使用游标卡尺测量溃疡面积。通过苏木精-伊红（Hematoxylin and Eosin, HE）染色与天狼星红（Red Sirius）染色的组织切片，评估组织水肿、炎性浸润、细胞密度、上皮再生及总胶原分布特征，并开展组织形态计量学分析，检测指标包括总胶原占比、基底层至上皮表面的距离以及角质层厚度。结果显示，G2组可在临床层面（p<0.0001）及组织学层面（描述性与推断性分析均显示p<0.05）正向调控溃疡修复的渗出期与增殖期；G3组的临床参数与G1组相比存在显著统计学差异（p<0.0001）；G4组与G5组未对组织修复产生正向调控作用。洋甘菊流体提取物对大鼠舌部组织修复的改善效果更为显著。本研究各实验组的临床、组织学及组织形态计量学特征均存在显著差异。