Intrinsic Functional Neuron-type Selectivity of Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation

This folder contains the sample data used to analyses the effect of tFUS on neuron spiking rates during the tFUS sonication duration. Neural recordings are obtained with single shank extracellular electrodes (NeuroNexus, Ann Arbor, MI), recordings are sorted into individual neuron activities using Offline Sorter (Plexon, Dallas, TX). Example data in n = 10 rats have been provided, 5 different ultrasound pulse repetition frequencies (PRF) have been studied. tFUS stimulation was accompanied by two sham conditions directing tFUS at the shank of the recording electrode at different levels (SSHK 100% and SSHK 43%) in order to control for vibrations in the electrode which can lead to changes in neural activation. Recordings were obtained when tFUS is directed at S1 at full power (labeled tFUS), when ultrasound was directed at the electrode shank at full power (SSHK 100%), and when ultrasound was directed at the electrode shank at 43% power (SSHK 43%). The 43% reduction in SSHK 43% accounts for the skull insertion loss of the tFUS energy, which closely mimics the vibration the electrode experiences during tFUS stimulation (see publication methods). All recordings are obtained under 2.5-2% isoflurane anesthesia. publication: Yu, K., Niu, X., Krook-Magnuson, E., & He, B. (2021). Intrinsic functional neuron-type selectivity of transcranial focused ultrasound neuromodulation. Nature Communications, 12(1), 2519. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22743-7本文件夹包含用于分析经颅聚焦超声（transcranial focused ultrasound, tFUS）在超声辐照期间对神经元放电频率影响的示例数据。神经记录采用单刃细胞外电极（NeuroNexus，美国密歇根州安娜堡市）采集，使用Offline Sorter（Plexon，美国德克萨斯州达拉斯市）将记录数据分拣为单个神经元活动。本次提供了n=10只大鼠的示例数据集，共研究了5种不同的超声脉冲重复频率（pulse repetition frequency, PRF）。 为控制电极振动可能引发的神经激活变化，tFUS刺激设置了两种假对照条件：将超声对准记录电极的电极柄，分别以满功率（标记为SSHK 100%）和43%功率（标记为SSHK 43%）进行辐照。本次采集的数据对应三种实验场景：将tFUS对准S1脑区并以满功率输出（标记为tFUS）、超声对准电极柄并以满功率输出（SSHK 100%），以及超声对准电极柄并以43%功率输出（SSHK 43%）。SSHK 43%组的功率衰减设置用于弥补tFUS能量的颅骨插入损耗，可精准模拟tFUS刺激时电极所承受的振动（详见论文方法部分）。所有神经记录均在2.5%~2%异氟烷麻醉状态下采集。 本数据集源自以下论文：Yu, K., Niu, X., Krook-Magnuson, E., & He, B. (2021). 经颅聚焦超声神经调控的神经元类型固有功能选择性. 《自然·通讯》, 12(1), 2519. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22743-7