The original data of microbial-mediated trade-offs between soil organic carbon accumulation and chemical stability during root stubble decomposition

A "winter fallow-rice" and "ryegrass-rice" rotation system was implemented in the experimental field for three years. After harvesting the ryegrass in March, the above-ground parts were removed, and the root stubble was ploughed under and left to decompose (FRD). The winter fallow treatment served as a control (FCK). Soil samples were collected at 0, 14, 28, 42, 56, and 70 days post-decomposition. Two treatments were applied in the pot experiment: root stubble decomposition of Italian ryegrass (RD) and no root stubble decomposition (CK). The root stubble of Italian ryegrass (‘Kuanye’) was collected by cutting 3 cm from the ground, washed, air-dried, and then cut into 5 cm sections for use. Fifty grams of ryegrass root stubble was placed into each pot based on the actual field biomass of ryegrass. For the CK treatment, empty nylon net bags were buried in the pots instead. Six sampling times were set at 0, 14, 28, 42, 70, and 98 d.