An Interview About Bundu And The Spread of Islam in The Senegambia Region (NCAC_RDD_TAPE_0383A)

<strong>Summary</strong>

Bundu consisted of people from different walks of life, these included weavers, blacksmiths, and Marabouts who were mainly teaching and preaching Islam. People from Masina Jaha were called Jahankoolu.  Among them was the Jaiteh clan who was Muslim and other clans including Fofanna, Darbo and Dansoho who were traders.  Generally, the Jahankoolu were mainly Muslims and farmers. The Singateh clan became rulers in Netebulu with the support of the Sey clan. The ancestors of the Jahankoolu Suwaibou came from Jaha Masina and settled Bambugu Jaha.  He arrived along with great men while some members of his family remained at Jaha Masina.  His sons went to settle at Wulli Sutukoba. Saikou Alhagi Salim Suwareh and Foday Touray were great Muslim scholars with a large number of students.   Among their children were Mohamadu Fatuma and Omaru Tanda Touray.   When they traveled from Jaha and settled at Bambugu Jaha a dispute occurred with the Bambara ruler called Dusuba.  They then moved to Diddeh in Bundu and several journeyed to Bindangalang. After migrating to different places one family member went to study the Koran at Jenne.  After completing his studies, he went to Fouta Jallon and was welcomed there by their ruler Abdukhadir.  He settled in a place called Touba in Labe.   He lived in Touba teaching and preaching Islam and was also occupied with farming.  While he was there, the people from Tandaba attacked him and many of his people were captured. When the incident occurred, he wrote to the ruler about this and later left to Kanjori. Saihou Ibrayma Janneh, Foday Kasang and Foday Mohamadu Jawara were all in Kanjori. Subsequently, he left Kanjori where he was living for some time, and traveled to Jombo, for the purpose of studying with Umaru Touray. He then continued towards Jenne to study medicine. When he returned, he settled in a town called Taslima and later again moved to Kangkang.  He lived there for three years and then left to do trading at Kallato in Manding. Bademba was the ruler, and Alfa Muhamadou Woyanke, a prominent Islamic scholar, lived there.  He also preached Islam to the people of Timbo while residing there. He relocated to Labe with the help of a ruler named Modi Abdulay, where he taught and preach Islam. He journeyed to Wourry and settled in a town called Touba and was joined there by other Jahankoolu. After he was attacked there, he traveled to Binaney and resettled in a town called Touba Kuta.  He served as the Muslim Leader (Imam) there for seven years. Due to regular attacks from some rulers, he had to migrate, hence, his frequent movements from place to place. The people of Kakandeh and Touba were primarily from Jaha. He married Aysatu Camara and they had a son named Muhamadou Taslima.  When he died, he was laid to rest by the mosque and his son Muhamadou Taslima became the new leader (Kalipha).   He was succeeded by his son Karamohoba Madi, who later died at Dabola. Many leaders were present when the Europeans arrived; including, Muhamadou Kassum, Muhamadou Mustafa and Muhamadou Taslima Junior. He was succeeded by Karamoho Kutubo who had a large family of about six hundred people including his students.  He had a good relationship with Alfa Yaya the ruler of Labe. Captain Yusi constructed the first French post at Touba. He later died and was succeeded by Karamoho Arafaha eighty-nine years after Touba was settled.   He was a prominent Islamic scholar who went on a pilgrimage to Mecca.   Omaru Tanda Touray was also a great Islamic scholar who settled down in Diddeh Koto at Bundu.  The village gradually transform into a large town.   Mohamadu Fatuma settled in Kunting and began to teach and preach about Islam there.  He later left and resettled at Kanjoro close to Khasso.

<strong>References to entities made in the recording</strong>

<strong>Culture: Mandinka</strong>

<strong>Language: Mandinka</strong>

<strong>Persons:  </strong>Saikou Alhagi Salim Suwareh, Foday Touray, Mohamadu Fatuma and Omaru Tanda Touray.  Dusuba, Abdukhadir, Saihou Ibrayma Janneh, Foday Kasang and Foday Mohamadu Jawara, Umaru Touray, Bademba, Alfa Muhamadou Woyanke, Modi Abdulay, Aysatu Camara, Muhamadou Taslima, Karamohoba Madi, Muhamadou Kassum, Muhamadou Mustafa and Muhamadou Taslima Junior, Karamoho Kutubo, Captain Yusi, Karamoho Arafaha, Omaru Tanda Touray, Mohamadu Fatuma 

<strong>Places:  </strong>Bundu, Masina Jaha,Netebulu, Bambugu Jaha, Jaha Masina, Wulli Sutukoba, Diddeh in Bundu, Bindangalang, Touba in Labe, Tandaba, Kanjori, Jombo, Jenne, Taslima, Kallato in Manding, Timbo, Binaney, Touba Kuta, Kakandeh, Dabola, Labe, Diddeh Koto at Bundu, Kunting, Kanjoro

<strong>Movements:</strong>

The Jahankoolu traveled from Masina to Bambug Jaha and later dispersed to several places

<strong>Actions:</strong>

The Jahankoolu were attacked at Bambugu Jaha by the Bambara ruler Dusuba and they left.

<strong>Time references:</strong>

None

<strong>Additional information</strong>:  The Jahankoolu migrated to numerous places because of constant enemies’ attacks.

^{<em>Alternative names: Diakite, Cherno, Kajali, Sirra, Kebba</em>}<em>^{, Sidibeh,}</em> <em>^{Bakary, Bakari, Bakery}</em>

<strong>摘要</strong>

邦杜（Bundu）的社群来自各行各业，涵盖织工、铁匠，以及主要从事伊斯兰教学与传教工作的伊斯兰宗教学者（Marabout）。来自哈马西纳（Masina Jaha）的民众被称为扬孔库鲁（Jahankoolu）。其中信奉伊斯兰教的贾伊特氏族（Jaiteh clan），以及福法尼亚（Fofanna）、达博（Darbo）、丹索霍（Dansoho）等经商氏族均属此类。总体而言，扬孔库鲁群体以穆斯林与农民为主。

辛加泰氏族（Singateh clan）在塞氏族（Sey clan）的支持下成为内特布卢（Netebulu）的统治者。苏瓦布所属的扬孔库鲁族群的先祖从哈马西纳（Jaha Masina）迁徙而来，定居于班布古贾哈（Bambugu Jaha），随行同行的还有一众贤达，其部分家人则留在了哈马西纳。他的儿子们随后迁居至武利苏图库巴（Wulli Sutukoba）定居。

赛库·阿尔哈吉·萨利姆·苏瓦雷（Saikou Alhagi Salim Suwareh）与福迪·图雷（Foday Touray）皆是知名伊斯兰学者，门下弟子众多。他们的子嗣包括穆罕默杜·法图马（Mohamadu Fatuma）与奥马鲁·坦达·图雷（Omaru Tanda Touray）。当他们从哈马地区迁徙并定居于班布古贾哈时，与班巴拉统治者杜苏巴（Dusuba）爆发了冲突，随后他们迁往邦杜境内的迪德（Diddeh in Bundu），又辗转多地前往宾丹加兰（Bindangalang）。

在多次迁徙过程中，家族中有一名成员前往杰内（Jenne）学习《古兰经》，完成学业后前往富塔贾隆（Fouta Jallon），受到当地统治者阿布杜哈迪尔（Abdukhadir）的接待，随后定居于拉贝（Labe）的图巴（Touba）。他在图巴期间以传教讲学与农耕为生，在此期间遭到坦达巴（Tandaba）民众的袭击，大量族人被掳。事件发生后，他向当地统治者上书陈情，随后动身前往坎乔里（Kanjori）。彼时赛胡·易卜拉欣·詹内（Saihou Ibrayma Janneh）、福迪·卡桑（Foday Kasang）与福迪·穆罕默杜·贾瓦拉（Foday Mohamadu Jawara）皆居于坎乔里。

此后他离开居住多时的坎乔里，前往琼博（Jombo）跟随奥马鲁·图雷（Umaru Touray）求学，随后又前往杰内研习医学。返乡后，他定居于塔斯利马（Taslima）城镇，之后再度迁徙至康康（Kangkang），在此居住三年后，动身前往曼丁地区的卡拉托（Kallato in Manding）经商。彼时当地统治者为巴德姆巴（Bademba），知名伊斯兰学者阿尔法·穆罕默杜·沃扬克（Alfa Muhamadou Woyanke）亦居于此处，他在此期间还向廷博（Timbo）民众传播伊斯兰教。之后他在统治者莫迪·阿卜杜莱（Modi Abdulay）的帮助下迁居至拉贝，继续传教讲学。他随后前往武里（Wourry），定居于图巴城镇，随后其他扬孔库鲁族人也前来汇合。在此地再次遭遇袭击后，他迁徙至比纳内（Binaney），并重新定居于图巴库塔（Touba Kuta），在此担任伊玛目（Imam）长达七年。由于频繁遭到部分统治者的袭击，他不得不再次迁徙，因此辗转多地居无定所。

卡坎德（Kakandeh）与图巴的民众大多来自哈马地区。他与艾萨图·卡马拉（Aysatu Camara）成婚，育有一子穆罕默杜·塔斯利马（Muhamadou Taslima）。他逝世后，安葬于清真寺旁，其子穆罕默杜·塔斯利马接任成为新一任教长（Kalipha）。随后其子卡拉莫霍巴·马迪（Karamohoba Madi）继位，最终于达博拉（Dabola）逝世。

当欧洲殖民者抵达时，诸多领袖在场，包括穆罕默杜·卡苏姆（Muhamadou Kassum）、穆罕默杜·穆斯塔法（Muhamadou Mustafa）与小穆罕默杜·塔斯利马（Muhamadou Taslima Junior）。卡拉莫霍·库图博（Karamoho Kutubo）接任领袖之位，他家族庞大，连同门生共计约六百人，与拉贝统治者阿尔法·亚亚（Alfa Yaya）关系和睦。尤西上尉（Captain Yusi）在图巴建立了首个法国殖民据点。他逝世后，在图巴建城八十九年后，卡拉莫霍·阿拉法哈（Karamoho Arafaha）接任其职，他是知名伊斯兰学者，曾赴麦加朝觐。

奥马鲁·坦达·图雷亦是知名伊斯兰学者，后来定居于邦杜境内的迪德科托（Diddeh Koto at Bundu），该村落逐渐发展为大型城镇。穆罕默杜·法图马则定居于昆廷（Kunting），在此开展伊斯兰教学与传教工作，之后他离开此地，迁徙至靠近卡索（Khasso）的坎乔罗（Kanjoro）定居。

<strong>记录中提及的实体参考</strong>

<strong>文化：曼丁卡族（Mandinka）</strong>

<strong>语言：曼丁卡语（Mandinka）</strong>

<strong>人物：</strong>赛库·阿尔哈吉·萨利姆·苏瓦雷、福迪·图雷、穆罕默杜·法图马、奥马鲁·坦达·图雷、杜苏巴、阿布杜哈迪尔、赛胡·易卜拉欣·詹内、福迪·卡桑、福迪·穆罕默杜·贾瓦拉、奥马鲁·图雷、巴德姆巴、阿尔法·穆罕默杜·沃扬克、莫迪·阿卜杜莱、艾萨图·卡马拉、穆罕默杜·塔斯利马、卡拉莫霍巴·马迪、穆罕默杜·卡苏姆、穆罕默杜·穆斯塔法、小穆罕默杜·塔斯利马、卡拉莫霍·库图博、尤西上尉、卡拉莫霍·阿拉法哈、奥马鲁·坦达·图雷、穆罕默杜·法图马

<strong>地点：</strong>邦杜（Bundu）、哈马西纳（Masina Jaha）、内特布卢（Netebulu）、班布古贾哈（Bambugu Jaha）、哈马西纳（Jaha Masina）、武利苏图库巴（Wulli Sutukoba）、邦杜境内的迪德（Diddeh in Bundu）、宾丹加兰（Bindangalang）、拉贝的图巴（Touba in Labe）、坦达巴（Tandaba）、坎乔里（Kanjori）、琼博（Jombo）、杰内（Jenne）、塔斯利马（Taslima）、曼丁地区的卡拉托（Kallato in Manding）、廷博（Timbo）、比纳内（Binaney）、图巴库塔（Touba Kuta）、卡坎德（Kakandeh）、达博拉（Dabola）、拉贝（Labe）、邦杜境内的迪德科托（Diddeh Koto at Bundu）、昆廷（Kunting）、坎乔罗（Kanjoro）

<strong>迁徙活动：</strong>扬孔库鲁族群从哈马西纳迁徙至班布古贾哈，随后分散至各地

<strong>事件：</strong>扬孔库鲁族群在班布古贾哈遭到班巴拉统治者杜苏巴的袭击，随后被迫离开此地

<strong>时间参考：</strong>无

<strong>补充信息：</strong>由于持续遭受敌对势力的袭击，扬孔库鲁族群多次辗转迁徙。

^{<em>别名：迪亚基特、切尔诺、卡贾利、西拉、凯巴、西迪贝、巴卡里、巴卡里、巴克里</em>}