Maternal and/or direct supplementation with a combination of a casein hydrolysate and yeast β-glucan on postweaning performance and intestinal health in the pig

A 2 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of
maternal supplementation from day 83 of gestation and/or direct
supplementation from weaning of a bovine casein hydrolysate plus a yeast
β‑glucan (CH-YBG) on pig performance and intestinal health on day ten
post‑weaning. Twenty cross bred gilts (Large White × Landrace) were
randomly assigned to one of two dietary groups (n = 10 gilts/group): basal
diet (basal sows) and basal diet supplemented with CH‑YBG (supplemented
sows) from day 83 of gestation until weaning (2g/sow/day). At weaning, 120
pigs (6 pigs/sow) were selected. The two dam groups were further divided,
resulting in four experimental groups (10 replicates/group; 3 pigs/pen) as
follows: 1) BB (basal sows + basal pigs); 2) BS (basal sows + supplemented
pigs); 3) SB (supplemented sows + basal pigs); 4) SS
(supplemented sows + supplemented pigs). Supplemented pigs were offered
0.5g CH‑YBG/kg of feed for 10 days post-weaning. On day 10 post‑weaning, 1
pig/pen was humanely sacrificed and samples were taken from the
gastrointestinal tract for analysis. Pigs weaned from supplemented sows
(SS, SB) had reduced faecal scores and incidence of diarrhoea
(P<0.05) compared to pigs weaned from basal sows (BB, BS), with SS
pigs not displaying the transient rise in faecal scores seen in the other
three groups from day 3 to day 10 post‑weaning (P<0.05). Pigs
weaned from supplemented sows had reduced feed intake (P<0.05),
improved feed efficiency (P<0.05), increased butyrate
concentrations (P<0.05), increased abundance of Lactobacillus
(P<0.05) and decreased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and
Campylobacteraceae (P<0.05) compared to pigs weaned from basal
sows. In conclusion, maternal supplementation increased the abundance of
Lactobacillus and decreased the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae and
Campylobacteraceae while also increasing butyrate concentrations. The
combination of maternal and direct supplementation led to pigs having the
lowest faecal scores compared to all other groups.

本研究采用2×2析因实验设计，探究妊娠第83天起母猪补充牛源酪蛋白水解物联合酵母β-葡聚糖（CH-YBG）、以及仔猪断奶后直接补充该复合制剂，对断奶后第10天仔猪生长性能与肠道健康的影响。选取20头大白×长白（Large White × Landrace）杂交后备母猪，随机分为2个日粮组（每组n=10头母猪）：基础日粮组（基础母猪组），以及从妊娠第83天至断奶期间，按2g/头/天的剂量饲喂添加CH-YBG的基础日粮组（补充母猪组）。断奶时，从每头母猪所产仔猪中选取6头，共计120头仔猪。将两个母猪组进一步细分，最终得到4个试验组（每组10个重复，每栏饲养3头仔猪），具体分组如下：1）BB组（基础母猪+基础日粮仔猪）；2）BS组（基础母猪+补充日粮仔猪）；3）SB组（补充母猪+基础日粮仔猪）；4）SS组（补充母猪+补充日粮仔猪）。补充日粮仔猪在断奶后10天内，饲喂添加0.5g CH-YBG/kg饲料的日粮。断奶后第10天，对每栏1头仔猪实施人道安乐死，采集胃肠道样本用于后续分析。与基础母猪所产仔猪（BB、BS组）相比，补充母猪所产仔猪（SS、SB组）的粪便评分与腹泻发生率显著降低（P<0.05）；其中SS组仔猪在断奶后第3天至第10天未出现其余三组可见的粪便评分一过性升高现象（P<0.05）。与基础母猪所产仔猪相比，补充母猪所产仔猪的采食量显著降低（P<0.05）、饲料转化率显著改善（P<0.05）、肠道丁酸浓度显著升高（P<0.05）、乳酸杆菌（Lactobacillus）丰度显著升高（P<0.05），而肠杆菌科（Enterobacteriaceae）与弯曲杆菌科（Campylobacteraceae）丰度显著降低（P<0.05）。综上，母猪补充CH-YBG可提升仔猪肠道乳酸杆菌丰度，降低肠杆菌科与弯曲杆菌科丰度，并提升肠道丁酸浓度。母猪与仔猪联合补充CH-YBG的仔猪，其粪便评分在所有组别中最低。