Central Asia’s UV Radiation Over 20 Years: Altitude, Albedo, and Climate Influences

This study investigates UV radiation trends and drivers in Central Asia over 20 years (2005–2024) using data from NASA’s OMI/Aura and GLDAS_NOAH10_M v2.1. Linear regression reveals a slight decline in UV mean levels (slope: -0.004789), a modest increase in albedo mean (slope: 0.070258), and a significant rise in surface temperature mean (slope: 0.221627), with precipitation remaining stable. Spatial analysis shows elevated UV in high-altitude snow/glacier zones (>3,000 m) due to high albedo (29.62–30.94%) and reduced atmospheric filtering, peaking in 2016–2017 (6.53–6.80 J m⁻²). Multiple regression modeling (R²=0.72) identifies altitude and albedo as primary UV drivers, explaining 65% and 20% of variance, respectively. These findings highlight the impact of climatic and topographic factors on UV exposure, suggesting the need for elevation-specific UV monitoring and albedo management strategies, such as reforestation, to mitigate risks in this vulnerable region.本研究依托美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的OMI/Aura及GLDAS_NOAH10_M v2.1数据集，针对中亚地区2005年至2024年共20年的紫外辐射（UV radiation）变化趋势及其驱动因子展开探究。线性回归分析结果显示，区域紫外辐射平均水平呈现小幅下降趋势（斜率为-0.004789），反照率（albedo）平均水平略有上升（斜率为0.070258），地表平均温度则显著升高（斜率为0.221627），而降水量基本保持稳定。空间分析表明，海拔高于3000米的高海拔积雪/冰川区域因反照率较高（29.62%~30.94%）且大气过滤作用减弱，紫外辐射水平偏高，并在2016至2017年达到峰值（6.53~6.80 J·m⁻²）。多元回归建模（决定系数R²=0.72）结果显示，海拔与反照率是影响紫外辐射的核心驱动因子，分别可解释65%与20%的方差变异。本研究结果凸显了气候与地形因素对紫外辐射暴露的影响，提示该脆弱区域需开展针对海拔梯度的紫外辐射监测，并制定诸如造林等反照率调控策略以降低相关风险。