A qualitative study on factors associated with intimate partner violence in Colombia

Abstract Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a human rights violation and a serious global public health problem. This study investigated factors associated with IPV in female survivors in Colombia. Four focus group discussions with female survivors of IPV and 15 key informant interviews with professionals from psychological, social and legal services and community leaders were conducted in Cali and Tuluá. Participant recruitment was via purposive sampling. Transcripts were analysed manually taking a social constructivist standpoint and a content analysis approach. Factors associated with IPV were divided into four themes: cultural beliefs, jealousy, alcohol abuse, and personal history of IPV. The first theme was divided into: patriarchy, gender roles, normalisation of violence, and unawareness of rights, economic dependence, and ‘men own women’. The sub-themes were all inter-related and underpinned by patriarchal values. IPV was described as a sociocultural construction formed by patriarchal values ingrained in community and societal norms and individual processes. Therefore, academia, governmental and non-governmental bodies and society are urged to together, create preventative, context specific strategies for individuals, communities and societies.

摘要 亲密伴侣暴力（Intimate Partner Violence, IPV）是一种侵犯人权的行为，同时也是严峻的全球性公共卫生问题。本研究针对哥伦比亚境内的女性亲密伴侣暴力幸存者展开调查，旨在探明与其相关的各类影响因素。研究团队在卡利与图卢阿两地开展了4场针对女性亲密伴侣暴力幸存者的焦点小组讨论，以及15场与心理、社会、法律服务领域从业者及社区领袖的关键知情人访谈。研究采用立意抽样法完成招募工作，以社会建构主义视角为框架，运用内容分析法对访谈转录文本进行手动分析。与亲密伴侣暴力相关的影响因素可归纳为四大主题：文化信念、嫉妒情绪、酒精滥用，以及个人亲密伴侣暴力既往史。其中第一大主题又细分为父权制、性别角色规范、暴力常态化、权利认知缺失、经济依附，以及“男性支配女性”等子主题。上述子主题彼此相互关联，且均以父权价值观为核心支撑。研究将亲密伴侣暴力视为一种社会文化建构产物，其形成植根于社区与社会规范中根深蒂固的父权价值观，以及个体层面的行为过程。因此，本研究呼吁学术界、政府与非政府组织及全社会携手合作，针对个体、社区与社会层面制定契合当地情境的预防策略。