Phenological, physicochemical, and productive characteristics of 'Vênus' grapevine onto rootstocks

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the phenological characteristics and yield of 'Vênus' grapevine (Vitis labrusca) grafted onto different rootstocks, as well the physicochemical traits of its grapes during the 2013, 2014, and 2015 crop seasons. The evaluated rootstocks were 'IAC 766', 'IAC 572', 'IAC 313' and 'IAC 571-6'. The length of the main phenological stages of the grapevine and its thermal demands were assessed during two growing seasons and expressed as days after pruning and degree-day sum, respectively. Grapevine yield and berry physicochemical characteristics were assessed during three crop seasons. 'Vênus' phenological cycle and thermal demands, as well as the chemical characteristics of its grapes, varied with the climate conditions during the crop seasons. Low temperatures increased the grapevine cycle, and higher rainfall indices caused a decrease in the soluble solids of berries, as well as an increase in their titratable acidity. The 'IAC 766' and 'IAC 571-6' rootstocks promote a greater precocity to 'Venus' grapevines, and 'IAC 572' promotes a higher grapevine yield and better physicochemical characteristics of 'Vênus' grapes.

摘要：本研究旨在评估嫁接于不同砧木的‘维纳斯’（Vênus）美洲葡萄（Vitis labrusca）的物候特性与产量，以及2013、2014和2015年生长季期间其浆果的理化性状。供试砧木包括‘IAC 766’、‘IAC 572’、‘IAC 313’与‘IAC 571-6’。在两个生长季中，测定了葡萄主要物候阶段的时长及其热量需求，分别以修剪后天数与度日总和（degree-day sum）表示。在三个生长季中，测定了葡萄产量与浆果的理化特性。‘维纳斯’葡萄的物候周期、热量需求及其浆果的化学特性，随各生长季的气候条件发生变化。低温会延长葡萄生育周期，而较高的降雨指数则会降低浆果的可溶性固形物含量，同时提升其可滴定酸度。‘IAC 766’与‘IAC 571-6’砧木可促进‘维纳斯’葡萄提早成熟，‘IAC 572’砧木则可提升葡萄产量并优化‘维纳斯’葡萄的理化性状。