Supplementary information files for "Factors affecting the flexural performance of reinforced 3D printed concrete beams"

Supplementary files for article "Factors affecting the flexural performance of reinforced 3D printed concrete beams"3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) has the potential to support the adoption of digital manufacturing approaches in construction. However, applications are currently limited by the lack of understanding of the structural performance of elements manufactured with this process. The layer-wise fabrication process enables the placement of reinforcement between printed layers. The final reinforcement position depends on the fresh properties of wet material. Moreover, toolpath strategies influence the cross-sectional geometry and concrete anisotropic compressive strength. Understanding the relative importance of these factors as they relate to the mechanical performance of the printed concrete becomes, therefore, critical for 3DCP use. This study addresses this gap through experimental and numerical studies of the flexural behaviour of 3DCP beams with different reinforcement positions and toolpath strategies. The results demonstrate that the toolpath orientation, and hence anisotropy, can be neglected for the cases explored here. Moreover, toolpath orientations perpendicular to the steel reinforcement reduce the risk of shear and delamination failure as cracks align with the vertical interface, thus promoting flexural cracking. The position of the steel reinforcement is the most significant factor: specimens printed with reinforcement closer to the top layers showed increased flexural performance if compared with those printed with the reinforcement closer to the bottom layers.<br><br>© The Author(s), CC BY 4.0

论文《增强型3D打印混凝土梁抗弯性能影响因素》补充材料。3D混凝土打印（3D Concrete Printing, 3DCP）具备推动建筑领域数字化制造技术应用的潜力。然而当前该技术的应用仍受限于对该工艺制备构件结构性能的认知不足。其逐层成型工艺可实现打印层间增强筋材的布设，而最终增强筋材的布设位置取决于新拌湿料的性能。此外，打印路径规划策略会影响构件的截面几何形态以及混凝土的各向异性抗压强度。因此，明确上述因素对打印混凝土力学性能的相对影响权重，对3DCP的工程应用至关重要。本研究针对这一研究空白，针对不同增强筋材布设位置与打印路径策略的3DCP梁开展抗弯性能试验与数值模拟研究。研究结果表明，在本次研究涉及的工况下，打印路径取向（及其带来的各向异性）的影响可忽略不计。此外，当打印路径取向与钢质增强筋垂直时，裂缝会沿竖向界面扩展，从而降低剪切与层间剥离破坏风险，更易产生受弯裂缝。钢质增强筋的布设位置是影响抗弯性能的最关键因素：相较于增强筋布设更靠近底层的试件，增强筋更靠近顶层的打印试件抗弯性能更优。

© 作者，CC BY 4.0