Supporting data for "Annotation of yellow genes in Diaphorina citri, vector for the Huanglongbing disease"

Huanglongbing (HLB), also known as citrus greening disease, is caused by the bacterium <i>Candidatus</i> Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) and represents a serious threat to global citrus production. This bacteria is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid, <i>Diaphorina citri</i> (Hemiptera) and there are no effective <i>in planta</i> treatments for CLas. Therefore, one strategy is to manage the psyllid population. Manual annotation of the <i>D. citri</i> genome can identify and characterize gene families that could serve as novel targets for psyllid control. The yellow gene family represents an excellent target as yellow genes are linked to development and immunity due to their roles in melanization. Combined analysis of the genome with RNA-seq datasets, sequence homology, and phylogenetic trees were used to identify and annotate nine <i>yellow</i> genes for the <i>D. citri</i> genome. Phylogenetic analysis shows a unique duplication of <i>yellow-y</i> in <i>D. citri</i>, with life stage specific expression for these two genes. Genomic analysis also indicated the loss of a gene vital to the process of melanization, <i>yellow-f</i>, and the gain of a gene which seems to be unique to hemipterans, <i>yellow 9</i>. We suggest that <i>yellow 9</i> or the gene <i>yellow 8 (c)</i>, which consistently groups closely to <i>yellow-f</i>, may take on this role. Manual curation of genes in <i>D. citri</i> has provided an in-depth analysis of the yellow family among hemipteran insects and provides new targets for molecular control of this psyllid pest. Manual annotation of the yellow gene family was done as part of a collaborative community annotation project.

黄龙病（Huanglongbing, HLB），亦称柑橘绿变病，由亚洲韧皮部杆菌（*Candidatus* Liberibacter asiaticus，CLas）引发，对全球柑橘产业构成严重威胁。该病原菌由亚洲柑橘木虱（*Diaphorina citri*，半翅目Hemiptera）传播，目前尚无针对CLas的有效植株体内（in planta）治疗方案。因此，防控该木虱种群成为可行的防控路径之一。对*D. citri*基因组开展人工注释，可识别并鉴定可作为木虱防控新靶标的基因家族。黄色基因家族便是极佳的靶标之一，因其参与黑色素化过程，与昆虫发育及免疫功能密切相关。本研究结合基因组数据分析、RNA-seq数据集分析、序列同源性比对以及系统发育树构建，对*D. citri*基因组中的9个黄色基因完成了识别与注释。系统发育分析显示，*D. citri*中存在独特的*yellow-y*基因复制事件，且这两个复制拷贝呈现发育阶段特异性表达模式。基因组分析还发现，该物种丢失了黑色素化过程中的关键基因*yellow-f*，同时获得了一个仅在半翅目昆虫中特有的基因*yellow 9*。我们推测，与*yellow-f*聚类关系紧密的*yellow 9*或*yellow 8 (c)*，可能承担了*yellow-f*的功能。本次对*D. citri*基因的人工注释工作，深入解析了半翅目昆虫的黄色基因家族，为该木虱害虫的分子防控提供了全新靶标。本次黄色基因家族的人工注释，是一项协作式社区注释项目的组成部分。