Nitrogen management alternatives using Azospirillum brasilense in wheat

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate nitrogen management alternatives using Azospirillum brasilense inoculation in wheat (Triticum aestivum) by seed and foliar applications. Treatments consisted of the inoculation or not of A. brasilense, via seed and leaves, associated with topdressing with 0, 70, and 140 kg ha-1 nitrogen. Three wheat cultivars were tested: BRS Parrudo, TBIO Quartzo, and TBIO Sinuelo. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with three replicates. The following traits were evaluated: number of emerged plants, tillers, spikelets per ear, grains per ear, and grains per spikelet; 1,000-grain mass; hectoliter mass; and grain yield. The foliar management of A. brasilense showed a better association with the TBIO Sinuelo cultivar. The foliar application of A. brasilense, whether alone or combined with seed treatment, increases the grain yield and yield components of the evaluated cultivars.摘要：本研究旨在通过种子与叶面喷施途径接种巴西固氮螺菌（Azospirillum brasilense），评估小麦（Triticum aestivum）的氮肥管理备选方案。试验处理包括通过种子、叶片途径接种或不接种巴西固氮螺菌，并配合施加0、70、140 kg·ha⁻¹的追施氮肥。供试小麦品种共3个：BRS Parrudo、TBIO Quartzo及TBIO Sinuelo。试验采用随机完全区组设计，设置3次重复。测定的性状包括：出苗数、分蘖数、每穗小穗数、每穗粒数、每小穗粒数；千粒重；容重；以及籽粒产量。结果表明，巴西固氮螺菌的叶面施用与TBIO Sinuelo品种适配性更佳。无论单独使用还是与种子处理联用，巴西固氮螺菌的叶面喷施均可提升供试小麦品种的籽粒产量及其产量构成要素。