Summary statistics for percentage (95% CI).

BackgroundHumanitarian crises and disasters affect millions of people worldwide. Humanitarian aid workers are civilians or professionals who respond to disasters and provide humanitarian assistance. In doing so, they face several stressors and traumatic exposures. Humanitarian aid workers also face unique challenges associated with working in unfamiliar settings.ObjectiveTo determine the occurrence of and factors associated with mental ill-health among humanitarian aid workers.Search strategyCINAHL plus, Cochrane library, Global Health, Medline, PubMed, Web of Science were searched from 2005–2020. Grey literature was searched on Google Scholar.Selection criteriaPRISMA guidelines were followed and after double screening, studies reporting occurrence of mental ill-health were included. Individual narratives and case studies were excluded, as were studies that reported outcomes in non-humanitarian aid workers.Data analysisData on occurrence of mental ill-health and associated factors were independently extracted and combined in a narrative summary. A random effects logistic regression model was used for the meta-analysis.Main resultsNine studies were included with a total of 3619 participants, reporting on five types of mental ill-health (% occurrence) including psychological distress (6.5%-52.8%); burnout (8.5%-32%); anxiety (3.8%-38.5%); depression (10.4%-39.0%) and post-traumatic stress disorder (0% to 25%). Hazardous drinking of alcohol ranged from 16.2%-50.0%. Meta-analysis reporting OR (95% CI) among humanitarian aid workers, for psychological distress was 0.45 (0.12–1.64); burnout 0.34 (0.27–0.44); anxiety 0.22 (0.10–0.51); depression 0.32 (0.18–0.57) and PTSD 0.11 (0.03–0.39). Associated factors included young age, being female and pre-existing mental ill-health.ConclusionsMental ill-health is common among humanitarian aid workers, has a negative impact on personal well-being, and on a larger scale reduces the efficacy of humanitarian organisations with delivery of aid and retention of staff. It is imperative that mental ill-health is screened for, detected and treated in humanitarian aid workers, before, during and after their placements. It is essential to implement psychologically protective measures for individuals working in stressful and traumatic crises.**背景** 全球范围内，人道主义危机与灾害影响着数百万民众。人道主义援助工作者（humanitarian aid workers）是响应灾害、提供人道主义援助的平民或专业人员。在此过程中，他们需面对多种应激源与创伤性暴露场景，同时还需应对因在陌生环境开展工作带来的独特挑战。 **目的** 明确人道主义援助工作者的精神健康不良（mental ill-health）发生情况及其相关影响因素。 **检索策略** 本研究于2005年至2020年间，对CINAHL增强版（CINAHL plus）、考克兰图书馆（Cochrane library）、全球健康数据库（Global Health）、Medline、PubMed及Web of Science进行了检索；同时通过谷歌学术（Google Scholar）检索灰色文献。 **纳入排除标准** 本研究遵循PRISMA指南（PRISMA guidelines），经两轮筛选后，纳入报告了精神健康不良发生情况的研究；排除个体叙事类研究、案例研究，以及以非人道主义援助工作者为研究对象报告结局的研究。 **数据分析** 研究人员独立提取精神健康不良发生情况及相关影响因素的数据，并以叙述性综述形式进行整合；本元分析（meta-analysis）采用随机效应logistic回归模型。 **主要结果** 本研究共纳入9项研究，合计3619名参与者，报告了5类精神健康不良的发生比例（%）：心理困扰（6.5%~52.8%）、职业倦怠（8.5%~32%）、焦虑（3.8%~38.5%）、抑郁（10.4%~39.0%）以及创伤后应激障碍（post-traumatic stress disorder，PTSD）（0%~25%）；危险饮酒比例为16.2%~50.0%。针对人道主义援助工作者的元分析结果显示，心理困扰的比值比（95%置信区间，OR (95% CI)）为0.45（0.12~1.64），职业倦怠为0.34（0.27~0.44），焦虑为0.22（0.10~0.51），抑郁为0.32（0.18~0.57），PTSD为0.11（0.03~0.39）。相关影响因素包括低龄、女性身份及既往精神健康不良史。 **结论** 精神健康不良在人道主义援助工作者中较为普遍，不仅对个人福祉造成负面影响，更会在更大范围内削弱人道主义组织的援助执行效率与员工留存率。因此，必须在人道主义援助工作者赴岗前后及在岗期间，对其精神健康不良情况开展筛查、识别与干预工作。同时，需为身处应激与创伤性危机场景中的工作人员实施心理防护措施。