Advances in Visuospatial Orienting Functions Assessment on Cerebral Visual Impairment: A Systematic Review

Cerebral visual impairment (CVI) is a brain-based visual disorder with an increasing incidence worldwide. Its diagnosis can be challenging, as visual acuity is often normal or near-normal in many cases. Visuospatial orienting functions (VOF) are higher-order, non-verbal abilities that process perceptual stimuli and mental images, enabling individuals to interact with their environment. Assessing VOF can reveal impairments in specific higher-order visual skills. Therefore, the aim of the present systematic review is to collect and analyse evidence related to the assessment of VOF in CVI subjects up to 18 years old and to identify the main biomarkers associated with this impairment. To achieve this goal, a systematic review of the literature was conducted, including primary research published between 2014 and 2024.脑性视力障碍（Cerebral visual impairment, CVI）是一类以脑部病变为基础的视觉障碍，全球发病率持续攀升。由于多数患者的视力敏锐度通常处于正常或接近正常水平，该病的临床诊断颇具难度。视觉空间定向功能（Visuospatial orienting functions, VOF）属于高阶非语言认知能力，可处理感知刺激与心理表象，帮助个体与周遭环境建立互动。对视觉空间定向功能进行评估，能够识别特定高阶视觉技能的损伤情况。鉴于此，本系统综述旨在收集并分析2014至2024年间发表的、针对18岁及以下脑性视力障碍患者视觉空间定向功能评估的相关研究证据，并明确与该视觉障碍相关的核心生物标志物。为实现上述研究目标，本研究针对2014年至2024年发表的原创研究开展了系统文献综述。