Political economy of Brazilian startups: a new order in a turbulent scenario

ABSTRACT The article investigates the conditions that enable the creation and evolution of Brazilian startups in the context of uncertainties and instability of the country’s economy since 2010. The paper examines the premises of Complexity Theory and Chaos Theory applied to Economics. The study outlines the conditions for the emergence and evolution of these disruptive business models in the 1990s world scenario of crises and uncertainties. The last section deals with the evolution of these companies in Brazil until 2019, seeking to explain these services’ dynamic behavior, in the country’s conjuncture of instability and disorder.摘要 本文探究了2010年以来巴西经济环境充满不确定性与不稳定性的背景下，巴西初创企业得以创立与发展的条件。本文考察了应用于经济学领域的复杂理论（Complexity Theory）与混沌理论（Chaos Theory）的基本前提。本研究梳理了1990年代全球危机与不确定性格局下，这类颠覆性商业模式（disruptive business models）出现与演进的相关条件。最后一部分探讨了直至2019年这些企业在巴西的发展历程，旨在结合巴西动荡无序的经济时局，阐释这类企业服务的动态运行特征。