"Table 93" of "Properties of jet fragmentation using charged particles measured with the ATLAS detector in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV"

CERN-LHC. This paper presents a measurement of quantities related to the formation of jets from high energy quarks and gluons (fragmentation). Jets with $100$ GeV $ 500$ MeV~and $|\eta| < 2.5$~are used to probe the detailed structure of the jet. The fragmentation properties of the more forward and the more central of the leading two jets from each event are studied. The data are unfolded to correct for detector resolution and acceptance effects. Comparisons to parton shower Monte Carlo generators indicate that existing models provide a reasonable description of the data across a wide range of phase space, but there are also significant differences. Furthermore, the data are interpreted in the context of quark- and gluon-initiated jets by exploiting the rapidity dependence of the jet flavor fraction. A first measurement of the charged-particle multiplicity using model-independent jet labels (topic modeling) provides a promising alternative to traditional quark- and gluon- extractions using simulation input. The simulations provide a reasonable description of the quark-like data across the jet $p_\text{T}$ range presented in this measurement, but the gluon-like data have systematically fewer charged particles than the simulations. Uncertainties are broken down by category and should be treated as fully correlated between bins and between observables except for statistical uncertainties.

欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机（CERN-LHC）相关数据集：本研究针对高能夸克与胶子喷注形成（碎裂）过程的相关物理量开展测量。选取横向动量（$p_ ext{T}$）满足$100 ext{GeV} < p_ ext{T} < 500 ext{GeV}$且赝快度$|eta| < 2.5$的喷注，用于探究喷注的精细结构。针对每个事件中前导双喷注的更向前快度区域与更中心区域的碎裂特性展开研究。对实验数据开展解卷处理，以校正探测器分辨率与接收度效应。将测量结果与部分子阵雨蒙特卡洛（parton shower Monte Carlo）发生器的模拟结果进行对比，结果显示现有模型可在较宽相空间范围内合理描述实验数据，但仍存在显著差异。此外，通过利用喷注味组分的快度依赖性，可将本数据集诠释为夸克起源与胶子起源喷注的对应结果。本研究首次采用与模型无关的喷注标签方法（主题建模，Topic Modeling）测量带电粒子多重数，为传统上依赖模拟输入的夸克、胶子喷注区分方案提供了极具前景的替代途径。模拟结果可合理描述本次测量所覆盖的喷注横向动量范围内的类夸克喷注数据，但类胶子喷注的带电粒子数系统性低于模拟结果。不确定性按类别进行拆分，除统计不确定性外，所有分箱（bins）与可观测量间的相关性均视为完全相关。