SPHERA High Resolution Reanalysis over Italy - Hourly surface relative humidity (2-meter height) 2013-2020

SPHERA (High Resolution REAnalysis over Italy) is a convection-permitting regional reanalysis developed by ARPAE-Emilia Romagna and publicly available. The SPHERA domain covers Italy and the surrounding seas with a horizontal resolution of 2.2km. The temporal coverage corresponds to the period 1995-2020 and the dataset is available at hourly frequency. SPHERA reanalysis was developed using the Numerical Weather Prediction model COSMO (www.cosmo-model.org) nested in the global reanalysis ERA5 produced by ECMWF. Moreover, upper-air and surface observations were assimilated at the convection-permitting scale by the COSMO nudging scheme. This record reports the hourly surface relative humidity at 2-meter height for the period 2013-2020. The full extension of the dataset over 1995-2020 is available over three different records due to space constraints: 1995-2003: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724026 2004-2012: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724104 2013-2020: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724140 Other fields currently available on Zenodo are the surface air temperature at 2-meter height (also over three different records due to space constraints): 1995-2003: https://zenodo.org/records/12567563 2004-2012: https://zenodo.org/records/12582246 2013-2020: https://zenodo.org/records/12582797 and hourly accumulated total precipitation: https://zenodo.org/records/14617083 Details on the SPHERA dataset production, as well as data verification against surface observations are reported in peer-reviewed publications. See References.SPHERA（意大利区域高分辨率再分析数据集）是由ARPAE-Emilia Romagna开发的对流尺度区域再分析资料，面向公众开放获取。该数据集的空间覆盖范围包含意大利及其周边海域，水平分辨率为2.2千米；时间跨度为1995年至2020年，数据以逐小时频率发布。SPHERA再分析资料基于嵌套于欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）制作的全球再分析数据集ERA5的数值天气预报模式COSMO（官网：www.cosmo-model.org）开发完成，同时通过COSMO张弛逼近同化方案将对流尺度的上层大气与地面观测数据纳入同化流程。 本记录提供的是2013年至2020年期间2米高度处的逐小时地面相对湿度数据。受存储容量限制，1995-2020年完整时长的全量数据集被拆分为三个独立数据集： 1995-2003: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724026 2004-2012: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724104 2013-2020: https://zenodo.org/uploads/12724140 当前在Zenodo平台上线的其他数据字段还包括：2米高度逐小时地面气温（同样受存储容量限制拆分为三个独立数据集）： 1995-2003: https://zenodo.org/records/12567563 2004-2012: https://zenodo.org/records/12582246 2013-2020: https://zenodo.org/records/12582797 以及逐小时累积总降水量数据：https://zenodo.org/records/14617083 SPHERA数据集的生产细节以及基于地面观测的资料验证结果已发表于同行评议学术期刊，具体可参见参考文献列表。