NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Carbon Cycle and Greenhouse Gases Group Continuous Insitu Measurements of CO2 at Global Background Sites, 1973-Present

NOAA/GML operates four staffed atmospheric baseline observatories from which numerous measurements of greenhouse gases are conducted. These baseline observatories, also known as global background sites, are located in Barrow, Alaska; Mauna Loa, Hawaii; American Samoa; and South Pole, Antarctica. The measured data are baseline levels, trends, and causes of variability of atmospheric gases that have the potential to affect global climate. These observatories were established in order to provide a sampling of the most remote air on the planet so that the true "background atmosphere" could be monitored. GML first began continuous in-situ measurements of CO2 at these observatories in 1973, and added CH4 and CO measurements in the 1980's. The ongoing data set is contingent upon the baseline observatories that are still in use going forward.

美国国家海洋和大气管理局（National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NOAA）下属的全球监测实验室（Global Monitoring Laboratory, GML）运营四座有人值守的大气本底观测台站（atmospheric baseline observatories），开展各类温室气体测量工作。此类本底观测台站亦被称为全球背景站点（global background sites），分别坐落于阿拉斯加州巴罗（Barrow）、夏威夷州冒纳罗亚（Mauna Loa）、美属萨摩亚以及南极洲南极点。所测得的数据涵盖了可能影响全球气候的大气气体的本底浓度、变化趋势与变率成因。设立这些观测台站的目的是采集全球最偏远区域的大气样本，以便对真实的“背景大气”开展监测。GML于1973年首次在这些台站开展二氧化碳（CO₂）的连续原位（in-situ）测量，并于20世纪80年代新增了甲烷（CH₄）与一氧化碳（CO）的测量项目。该持续更新的数据集的存续，取决于后续仍在投入使用的本底观测台站的运行情况。