CO2 and carbonate as substrate for the activation of the microbial community in 180 m deep bedrock fracture fluid of Outokumpu Deep Drill Hole, Finland

CO2 and carbonate was used as carbon source to reactivate deep terrestrial subsurface microbial communities. The reactivation was determined by 16SrRNA gene identification of redox stained FACS sorted microbial cells (fluorescent cells were active) and by isolation of RNA from groundwater samples fed with carbonate. Archaea and bacteria were identified by their 16S rRNA and fungi by ITS transcripts. High throughput sequencing was performed using the Iontorrent PGM platform.