FAIRsharing record for: IVOA Sky Event Reporting Metadata

This FAIRsharing record describes: VOEvent defines the content and meaning of a standard information packet for representing, transmitting, publishing and archiving information about a transient celestial event, with the implication that timely follow-up is of interest. The objective is to motivate the observation of targets-of-opportunity, to drive robotic telescopes, to trigger archive searches, and to alert the community. VOEvent is focused on the reporting of photon events, but events mediated by disparate phenomena such as neutrinos, gravitational waves, and solar or atmospheric particle bursts may also be reported. Structured data is used, rather than natural language, so that automated systems can effectively interpret VOEvent packets. Each packet may contain zero or more of the "who, what, where, when & how" of a detected event, but in addition, may contain a hypothesis (a "why") regarding the nature of the underlying physical cause of the event. Citations to previous VOEvents may be used to place each event in its correct context. Proper curation is encouraged throughout each event's life cycle from discovery through successive follow-ups. VOEvent packets gain persistent identifiers and are typically stored in databases reached via registries. VOEvent packets may therefore reference other packets in various ways. Packets are encouraged to be small and to be processed quickly. This standard does not define a transport layer or the design of clients, repositories, publishers or brokers; it does not cover policy issues such as who can publish, who can build a registry of events, who can subscribe to a particular registry, nor the intellectual property issues.

本FAIRsharing记录的描述内容如下：VOEvent定义了一套标准信息包的内容与语义，用于表征、传输、发布并存档暂现天体事件相关信息，其核心宗旨在于强调及时开展后续观测的重要价值。该标准的目标在于推动机遇靶标的观测，驱动自动化望远镜运行，触发档案数据检索，并向天文界发出预警。VOEvent虽以光子事件的报告为核心聚焦方向，但也支持对中微子、引力波、太阳或大气粒子暴等不同物理现象所触发的事件进行上报。该标准采用结构化数据而非自然语言进行信息组织，以便自动化系统能够高效解析VOEvent信息包。每个信息包可包含已探测事件的“主体、内容、位置、时间与过程”相关信息（零项或多项），此外还可包含关于该事件背后潜在物理成因的假说（即“为何发生”）。可通过引用过往VOEvent信息包，将当前事件置于准确的学术背景之中。该标准鼓励在事件从发现到后续持续观测的完整生命周期中，对其进行规范的管理与维护。VOEvent信息包会被分配永久标识符，且通常存储在通过注册中心可访问的数据库中。因此，VOEvent信息包可通过多种方式引用其他同类信息包。标准倡导信息包应尽可能小巧，且能够被快速处理。本标准未定义传输层，也未对客户端、存储库、发布方或代理节点的架构作出规定；同时未涵盖相关政策问题，例如谁可发布信息包、谁可搭建事件注册中心、谁可订阅特定注册中心的内容，亦未涉及知识产权相关事宜。