ddRAD-seq generated genomic SNP dataset of Central and Southeast European Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.) populations

Turkey oak (Quercus cerris L.) is one of the most ecologically and economically significant deciduous tree species in the Central and Southeast European regions. The species has long been known to exhibit high levels of genetic and phenotypic variation. Recent climate response predictions for Turkey oak suggest a significant distribution extension in Europe under climate change. Since Turkey oak has relative drought-tolerant behavior, it is regarded as a potential alternative for other forest tree species during forestry climate adaptation efforts, not only in its native regions but also in Western Europe. For this reason, the survey of existing genetic variability, genetic resources, and adaptability of this species has great significance. Next-generation sequencing approaches, such as ddRAD-seq (Double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing), allow the attainment of high-resolution genome-wide simple nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). This study provides the first highly variable genome-wide SNP data for Turkey oak generated by ddRAD-seq. The dataset comprises 17 607 de novo and 26 059 reference-mapped SNPs for 88 individuals from eight populations, two from Bulgaria, one from Kosovo, and five from Hungary. Reference mapping was carried out by using cork oak’s reference genome. The obtained high-resolution genome-wide markers are suitable for investigating selection and local adaptation and inferring genetic diversity, differentiation, and population structure. The dataset is accessible at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8091252土耳其栎（Turkey oak, Quercus cerris L.）是中欧与东南欧地区生态与经济价值最为突出的落叶乔木树种之一。该物种长期以来被证实存在高水平的遗传与表型变异。近期针对土耳其栎的气候响应预测表明，在气候变化背景下，其在欧洲的分布范围将显著扩张。鉴于土耳其栎具备相对较强的耐旱特性，其被视作林业气候适应实践中其他林木树种的潜在替代物种，这一潜力不仅体现在其原生分布区，在西欧地区同样适用。因此，针对该物种现存遗传变异、遗传资源与适应性的调查研究具有重要价值。下一代测序技术，如双酶切限制性位点关联DNA测序（ddRAD-seq, Double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing），可获取高分辨率的全基因组单核苷酸多态性（SNPs, simple nucleotide polymorphisms）位点。本研究首次通过ddRAD-seq技术生成了土耳其栎的高变异全基因组SNP数据。该数据集涵盖来自8个种群的88个个体的17607个从头组装（de novo）单核苷酸多态性位点与26059个参考比对单核苷酸多态性位点；其中8个种群分别为保加利亚2个、科索沃1个以及匈牙利5个。本研究采用栓皮栎的参考基因组完成了参考序列比对分析。所获得的高分辨率全基因组分子标记，可用于研究选择作用与局部适应性，同时可推断遗传多样性、种群分化与群体遗传结构。该数据集可通过以下链接获取：https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8091252