Menstrual flow as a non-invasive source of endometrial organoids. Menstrual flow as a non-invasive source of endometrial organoids

Organoid cultures derived from menstrual flow faithfully replicate secretory phase endometrial glands and provide a novel, non-invasive technique for the clinical assessment of endometrial function. Paired organoid cultures derived from scratch biopsies and ensuing menstrual flow share the same transcriptome signature, responses to early pregnancy hormones, and pathological changes in cases of early-pregnancy loss. The technique opens new avenues for investigating endometrial function in cases of subfertility and gynaecological disorders.