ECMWF YOPP dataset workflow

Schematic of the YOPP dataset production framework: The ini-tial conditions and ensemble forecasts are generated by ECMWF’s operationalforecasting system based on ensembles of data assimilation and models. Atmo-sphere, land and ocean waves are separate from the ocean and sea-ice circulationin the data assimilation system, while the forecasts are fully coupled. Only the unperturbed control experiment output is ingested in the YOPP dataset from day 0 to day 15, and complemented by physical process tendency output from day 0 to day 2YOPP数据集生产框架示意图：初始条件与集合预报由欧洲中期天气预报中心（ECMWF）的业务预报系统基于数据同化集合与数值模式生成。在数据同化系统中，大气、陆地与海洋波浪模块与海洋及海冰环流模块相互独立，但预报过程为完全耦合模式。YOPP数据集仅纳入第0天至第15天的无扰动控制试验输出结果，并补充第0天至第2天的物理过程倾向量输出。