Comparative RNA-seq analysis of hirudin and heparin effects on the transcriptome of 4T1-induced orthotopic tumors in Mus

This study aimed to investigate the transcriptomic-level effects of the direct thrombin inhibitor hirudin and the indirect inhibitor heparin on the breast cancer tumor microenvironment. Using an orthotopic breast cancer mouse model established with 4T1 cells in Mus musculus, tumor-bearing mice were randomly assigned to three groups: a saline control group, a hirudin treatment group, and a heparin treatment group. Upon completion of the designated treatment regimen, orthotopic tumor tissues were harvested.