Pseudotumor of The Maxilla as Initial Manifestation of Hemophilia in A 3-Year-Old Male: a Case Report

Hemophilic pseudotumor, also called a hemophilic cyst, is a recurrent chronic muscle hematoma and a rare complication of hemophilia. Hemophilic pseudotumor may enlarge progressively and become life-threatening. We report a case of a 3-year-and-3-month-old boy with a mass on his left maxilla for 3 weeks prior. There was a previous history of trauma, but no previous bleeding history, and he had never been diagnosed with hemophilia. Laboratory tests showed prolonged coagulation factor and factor VIII deficiency. The head CT showed an enhancing mass. The patient was diagnosed with hemophilic pseudotumor, and he was successfully treated by administering Factor VIII injections for 7 days. Although rare in developed settings, this case underscores how gaps in awareness of hemophilia in Indonesia can delay diagnosis and allow it to mimic malignancy. Such misrecognition risks unnecessary interventions that may trigger life-threatening bleeding, emphasizing the critical need to strengthen early clinical recognition血友病性假瘤（hemophilic pseudotumor），又称血友病囊肿，是一类复发性慢性肌肉血肿，亦是血友病的罕见并发症。该病变可呈进行性增大，甚至可危及生命。 本次研究报告1例病例：患者为3岁3月龄男性患儿，左上颌部出现肿物已3周。患儿既往有外伤史，但无出血病史，且此前未被诊断为血友病。实验室检查显示凝血时间延长，且存在凝血因子VIII（Factor VIII）缺乏。头颅CT提示可见强化性肿物。最终患者被确诊为血友病性假瘤，并通过7日的凝血因子VIII注射治疗获得成功康复。 尽管该病变在发达地区较为罕见，但本次病例凸显出印度尼西亚民众对血友病的认知缺口，可能导致诊断延迟，且该病变易被误诊为恶性肿瘤。此类误诊可能引发不必要的侵入性操作，进而诱发危及生命的出血，因此亟需强化血友病性假瘤的早期临床识别能力。