VPRS 13362 Register of Applications, Alexandra, Other Sections Land Acts 1884, 1890, 1891, 1898 and 1901 (Alexandra District Survey Office)

VPRS 13362 Register of Applications, Alexandra, Other Sections Land Acts1884 , 1890, 1891, 1898 and 1901(Alexandra District Survey Office) was created by the District Survey Office at Alexandra It is duplicated by Register of Applications, Alexandra, Other Sections Land Acts1884 , 1890, 1891, 1898 and 1901 (Occupation Branch) (VPRS 13361 which is the register created by the 'Alexandra District Office' at the Occupation Branch.VPRS 13362/P1 was previously registered as Unit 41 of VPRS 446 Application Registers, Land Act 1884.VPRS 13362 / P2 was previously registered as Unit 271 of VPRS 458 / P Applications Registers, Land Act Unknown.Sections of an Act that were less common were often recorded in the one register. This was the case with a number of sections of the Land Act 1884. These sections remained in consolidations of the Land Act (1890 and 1901), but with a change in number of section. Other lesser sections were added and also entered in the same register from subsequent acts such as the Land Act 1891, Land Act 1898 and the Wattles Act 1890.Section 67 of the Land Act 1884 allowed for the annual licensing of no more than 1000 acres for grazing on auriferous lands. This was allowed to continue for five years and with the right to mine the land remaining. Under Section 91 of the Land Act 1898, this term was extended to 21 years and the right to fence the land extended to licensees with the land able to be treated as rateable property.The Land Act 1890 Amendment of 1891, in Section 22 (Section 106 of the Land Act 1901), provided for worked out auriferous lands to be proclaimed and licensed for occupation. No individual could occupy more than five acres for a period not exceeding seven years. Rent was to be no less than one shilling per acre and the land was to be used for such purposes as residence, place of business or for use as an orchard, vineyard or garden. After seven years, a Crown grant could be applied for with payment of not less than one pound per acre with previously paid rentals being used to defray the purchase price.Section 93 and Section 91 of the Land Act 1884 (Section 99 Land Act 1890 and Section 145 Land Act 1901) provided for the licensing or leasing of Crown lands for a multitude of purposes such as rural businesses, the removal of raw materials and other purposes none of which were to be agricultural or grazing. Licenses were renewable annually at a fee to be set. Leases under the 1884 Act for these purposes were to be of no more than three acres at an annual rental of five pounds. Holders of licenses under Section 99 of the Land Act 1890 were also allowed, by Section 113 Land Act 1898 who had buildings such as residences, a buttery, an inn or store and the like were able to apply for the exclusive right to purchase after possession for five years and the making of substantial improvements. Credit was given for rent already paid in determining the purchase price.Section 119 Land Act 1884 provided for the issuing of grazing licenses for Crown lands not otherwise held. This provision continued as Section 123 Land Act 1890 and Section 187 Land Act 1901.Section 147 of the Land Act 1901 allowed the licensing of bee-keeping establishments of not more than one acre for one year on any Crown land including that held under an agricultural license or lease or a grazing lease.The Land Act 1890 in Section 85 allowed the leasing of up to one hundred and sixty acres of reclaimed and drained swamp lands for a period of up to twenty-one years with the covenant that all waterways and drainage channels on the land were to be maintained. In Section 103 Land Act 1898 this was extended to include the choices of a perpetual lease or to be leased under conditional purchase lease. Rents were to be determined by the value set upon the land by the Board of Land and Works. Conditions were the maintenance of drainage arrangements and the making of substantial and permanent improvements to the value of ten shillings per acre during the first three years of the currency of any lease or from the date of sale. There was no requirement for residence on the land.The Wattles Act was passed to encourage the commercial exploitation of certain acacia species. Under Section 10, Wattles Act 1890 a lessee under section 32 of the Land Act 1884 could cancel that lease and obtain a lease for the cultivation of wattle trees.When an application to select Crown land was received by the Department it would be registered in a register of applications. The contents of registers of applications were arranged alphabetically and application numbers were allocated consecutively in blocks for each letter of the alphabet.In an attempt to try and rationalise the way the Department managed Crown land, the Occupation Branch was established in 1874 under the influence of H Byron Moore, Assistant Surveyor General. The Occupation Branch was to deal with all matters relating to the occupation of Crown land.The State was divided into fifteen Land Districts, these being Ararat, Ballarat, Beechworth, Benalla, Castlemaine and Dunolly, Echuca, Geelong Warrnambool and Camperdown, Hamilton, Horsham, Melbourne, Sale and Bairnsdale, Sandhurst (Bendigo), Seymour and St Arnaud. Each District was represented at the Occupation Branch in Melbourne by a 'District Land Office'.Each District Land Office consisted of a double table or desk at which both a clerk and draughtsman sat. Everything in the way of files, maps and plans were at convenient reach. The same officers dealt with the sale of Crown land from its 'inception to its disposition'. The District Offices' staff consisted essentially of a clerical officer and a draughtsman who dealt solely with that Land District. It was their business to know the District and to deal with all land business related to it. By 1877 each District Land Office, consisted of a District Officer, a rental clerk, a draughtsman and several general clerks.After the establishment of the Occupation Branch in 1874 and the division of the State into Land Districts, applications were registered by District. Each 'District Land Office' created and maintained their own series of registers of applications. Any new applications received by the Department after 1874 were registered in separate District registers with applications numbers that were allocated from the number one onwards. The same application number could be allocated for selections in different Districts. For example the application number 1021/65 could exist in both the Ballarat and Bendigo Land Districts. It is the District name plus the accompanying file number that is the unique identifier.Applicants completed an application form at District Survey Offices. Most Land Districts had a District Survey Office. The District Surveyor would enter the applicants' details in a register of applications kept at the District Survey Office. The register of applications allocated a number to each applicant. The application number was written on the application to select and subsequently became their land selection file number if their application was approved.The District Surveyor would enter into the register of applications the application number, the date the application was received, the applicants' name, occupation and parish, the allotment number and size (acres, roods and perches) applied for. The application was then forwarded to the appropriate District Land Office at the Occupation Branch in Melbourne. It was then entered in a duplicate register of applications there against the same application number. The District Surveyor also forwarded a tracing of the allotment applied for.The position of the allotment applied for was immediately charted on a working plan in pencil. The tracing was then sent to the Department of Mines and Water Supply (VA 2720) for a report on any mining objections. If there were no mining objections the application would be heard before a Local Land Board. Local Land Boards were made up of representatives from the local community and the Department of Crown Lands and Survey (VA 538). The Boards would hear from all applicants for an allotment and would decide who was to be granted the licence or lease. The schedule documenting the decisions of the Local Land Board was forwarded to the appropriate District Land Office at the Occupation Branch and the decision was entered into the register of applications.The Board of Land and Works (VA 744), the statutory authority for the management of Crown land would give final approval for land selection, acting on the recommendation of the Local Land Board. The decision of the Board of Lands and Works (VA 744) was then recorded in the register of applications. The registers also record the date of the licence or lease issue and any subsequent action in relation to that file. The selectors granted each allotment would then be recorded on the working plan by the District Land Office draughtsman at the Occupation Branch. The tracing of the allotment was then sent to the Crown Land Bailiff responsible for that Land District.Registers of applications control selection and occupation files. If an application to select Crown land was successful, the application number would become the file number. For example if an application to select under section 65 of the Land Act 1884 was registered as application number 324 then the selection or occupation file number would be 324/65.The application number remained the selection file number for a particular piece of land if all terms and conditions were met and the selection resulted in a Crown Grant. However, often the original selector did not end up owning the land. Many selectors forfeited or abandoned their licence or lease. If this were the case then the land was re-opened up for selection. Any new applicants were registered in a register of applications under a new application number. The original applicants file would be attached to the new selectors file. The new file number was annotated in the register against the original selectors' entry.Even if the same selector applied for a licence on land he had previously forfeited a new application number would be allocated and the file would have a new selection file number.

VPRS 13362 《亚历山德拉地区其他条款土地法案申请登记簿（1884、1890、1891、1898及1901年）》（亚历山德拉地区测量办公室藏）由亚历山德拉地区测量办公室编制，其副本为《亚历山德拉地区其他条款土地法案申请登记簿（1884、1890、1891、1898及1901年）》（土地占用科藏，编号VPRS 13361），该登记簿由亚历山德拉地区办公室土地占用科编制。VPRS 13362/P1原登记为VPRS 446《1884年土地法案申请登记簿》第41单元；VPRS 13362/P2原登记为VPRS 458/P《未知土地法案申请登记簿》第271单元。法案中较为小众的条款通常会被统一收录于同一登记簿，1884年《土地法案》的若干条款便是如此。这些条款在1890年和1901年的《土地法案》修订整合版中得以保留，但条款编号发生了变更。后续出台的1891年《土地法案》、1898年《土地法案》及1890年《金合欢法案》新增的小众条款也被纳入该登记簿。1884年《土地法案》第67条规定，可对含金土地上的放牧用途颁发年度许可证，单块土地面积不得超过1000英亩，该许可有效期为五年，且保留土地的采矿权。1898年《土地法案》第91条将许可有效期延长至21年，并将土地围封权扩展至持证人，该土地可被认定为应课税财产。1891年《1890年土地法案修正案》第22条（即1901年《土地法案》第106条）规定，可将已开采完毕的含金土地公告并许可占用。单个占用者的占地面积不得超过5英亩，占用期限不超过7年，租金不得低于每英亩1先令，土地可用于居住、商业经营，或作为果园、葡萄园及菜园使用。满7年后，可申请王室授予（Crown grant），最低支付标准为每英亩1英镑，已缴纳的租金可抵扣购买价款。1884年《土地法案》第93条与第91条（即1890年《土地法案》第99条、1901年《土地法案》第145条）规定，可针对多种用途颁发王室土地许可证或租赁权，包括乡村经营、原材料运输等，但不得用于农业或放牧。许可证可按年度续期，费用另行设定。1884年法案下的此类许可证，单块土地面积不得超过3英亩，年租金为5英镑。1890年《土地法案》第99条的许可证持有人，若已建造住宅、食品储藏室、客栈或商店等设施，可依据1898年《土地法案》第113条，在占有土地满5年并进行重大改良后，申请优先购买权。已缴纳的租金可用于抵扣购买价款。1884年《土地法案》第119条规定，可针对未作其他处置的王室土地颁发放牧许可证，该条款在1890年《土地法案》中变更为第123条，1901年《土地法案》中变更为第187条。1901年《土地法案》第147条允许在任何王室土地（包括农业许可证、租赁土地或放牧租赁土地）上，设立不超过1英亩的养蜂场，许可有效期为1年。1890年《土地法案》第85条规定，可将经开垦和排水的沼泽土地出租，面积不超过160英亩，租期最长21年，承租人需承诺维护土地上的所有水道及排水渠。1898年《土地法案》第103条将该条款扩展，允许选择永久租赁或附条件购买租赁。租金由土地和工程委员会（Board of Land and Works）根据土地评估价值确定。租赁条件包括维护排水设施，并在租赁期前三年或自出售之日起，每英亩投入不少于10先令的重大永久性改良资金，且无居住要求。《金合欢法案》旨在鼓励对特定金合欢属物种的商业开发。根据1890年《金合欢法案》第10条，持有1884年《土地法案》第32条租赁权的承租人可取消原租赁，转而获取金合欢种植租赁权。当土地部门收到王室土地选租申请后，会将其录入申请登记簿。申请登记簿按申请人姓氏字母顺序排列，并为字母表中每个字母对应的申请分配连续编号段。为理顺王室土地管理流程，1874年，在助理测量总监H·拜伦·摩尔（H Byron Moore）的推动下，土地占用科（Occupation Branch）正式设立，负责处理所有与王室土地占用相关的事务。当时维多利亚州被划分为15个土地地区，分别为：阿拉拉特、巴拉腊特、比奇沃思、本纳拉、卡斯特梅因与邓诺利、伊丘卡、吉隆、瓦南布尔与坎珀当、汉密尔顿、霍舍姆、墨尔本、塞尔与拜恩斯代尔、桑德赫斯特（本迪戈）、西摩和圣阿诺德。每个土地地区在墨尔本的土地占用科均设有对应的“地区土地办公室”。每个地区土地办公室配备双人办公桌，书记员与绘图员协同办公，文件、地图与规划图均放置于随手可取之处。同一批工作人员负责该地区王室土地从受理到处置的全流程业务。地区办公室的人员配置最初仅为一名书记员与一名绘图员，专门负责对应土地地区的事务，他们需熟悉本地区情况并处理所有相关土地业务。至1877年，每个地区土地办公室的人员已扩充至地区官员、租金书记员、绘图员及若干普通文员。自1874年土地占用科设立并将全州划分为土地地区后，申请按地区进行登记。每个“地区土地办公室”自行创建并维护其申请登记簿系列。1874年后部门收到的所有新申请，均按地区单独登记，申请编号从1开始依次分配。不同地区可使用相同的申请编号，例如巴拉腊特与本迪戈土地地区均可存在申请编号1021/65。因此，地区名称搭配配套的文件编号才是唯一标识符。申请人需在地区测量办公室填写申请表。大多数土地地区均设有地区测量办公室，地区测量员会将申请人信息录入保存在地区测量办公室的申请登记簿，并为每位申请人分配申请编号。该申请编号会标注在选租申请表上，若申请获批，该编号即成为其土地选租文件编号。地区测量员需在申请登记簿中记录申请编号、申请接收日期、申请人姓名、职业与教区、申请地块编号及面积（英亩、路得、杆）。随后申请表将被转发至墨尔本土地占用科对应的地区土地办公室，并在该处的重复申请登记簿中以同一申请编号进行登记。地区测量员还需转发申请地块的描图。申请地块的位置会立即以铅笔标注在工作规划图上。随后描图会被送至矿产与供水部（Department of Mines and Water Supply，VA 2720），以获取是否存在采矿异议的报告。若无采矿异议，申请将提交至当地土地委员会听证。当地土地委员会由当地社区代表与王室土地与测量部（Department of Crown Lands and Survey，VA 538）的代表组成，委员会会听取所有地块申请人的陈述，并决定许可证或租赁权的授予对象。记录当地土地委员会决策的表格会被转发至墨尔本土地占用科对应的地区土地办公室，决策内容将被录入申请登记簿。土地与工程委员会（Board of Land and Works，VA 744）作为管理王室土地的法定机构，会依据当地土地委员会的推荐作出最终审批。土地与工程委员会的决策会被记录于申请登记簿。登记簿还会记录许可证或租赁权的颁发日期，以及该文件后续的所有相关动作。获批选租的申请人信息会被墨尔本土地占用科的地区土地办公室绘图员标注在工作规划图上。申请地块的描图随后会被送至负责对应土地地区的王室土地执行官。申请登记簿管控选租与占用文件。若王室土地选租申请获批，申请编号即成为文件编号。例如，若根据1884年《土地法案》第65条提交的选租申请登记编号为324，则该选租或占用文件编号为324/65。若所有条款与条件均得到满足且选租最终获得王室授予，申请编号将作为特定地块的选租文件编号长期保留。但通常情况下，最初的申请人并不会最终拥有该土地。许多选租人会被没收资格或放弃其许可证或租赁权。若出现此类情况，该土地将重新开放供选租。新申请人将以新的申请编号录入申请登记簿，原申请人的文件会被附加至新申请人的文件中。新的文件编号会在登记簿中原申请人的条目旁进行注释。即便同一申请人就其曾被没收资格的土地再次申请许可证，也会被分配新的申请编号，其文件也将拥有新的选租文件编号。