INTERVIEW METHODS FOR STUDYING PERSONALITY

This thesis examines the theoretical and practical aspects of interview methods used in studying the psychological characteristics of personality. The interview method is considered one of the most effective tools in the psychodiagnostic process, providing deep and qualitative information about an individual’s inner experiences, motives, attitudes, and social background. The research scientifically analyzes the psychological foundations of interview types, their diagnostic significance, and the advantages of structured, semi-structured, and unstructured interview styles. Methodological recommendations are also provided regarding the psychologist’s communicative skills during the interview process, correct question formulation, establishing emotional contact, and scientifically interpreting interview results. The findings of the thesis demonstrate the important role of the interview method in comprehensively studying personality, identifying the individual’s psychological portrait, and correctly directing the psychocorrectional process.本论文针对人格心理特征研究中所采用的访谈法的理论与实践维度展开探讨。访谈法被视作心理诊断流程中最为高效的工具之一，能够为研究者提供关于个体内在体验、动机、态度及社会背景的深度质性信息。本研究科学剖析了各类访谈方式的心理学基础、诊断价值，以及结构化、半结构化与非结构化访谈范式各自的优势。同时，本研究还针对访谈过程中心理师的沟通技巧、问题的合理设计与精准表述、情感联结的建立，以及访谈结果的科学化解读等方面，提供了方法论层面的指导建议。本论文的研究结果证实，访谈法在全面探究人格特质、刻画个体心理画像，以及科学引导心理矫正流程中发挥着至关重要的作用。