Table 8 - 4 in 21 - MSK-JOR-ENV - Preliminary Risks Assessment and ESIA for the Aqaba-Amman Water Desalination and Conveyance (AAWDC) Project (Jordan) - Renewable Energy Component

Table 8-4: Environmental and Social Management Plan - During Operation Environmental / Social ComponentPotential ImpactSignificanceMitigation MeasuresResidual ImpactsInstitutional ResponsibilityPhysical EnvironmentSoil• Soil erosion, compaction, and ContaminationLow• Prepare and abide by a Pollution Prevention Management Plan and a Waste Management Plan.NegligibleBOT Contractor• Reinstate the project area to its original condition after completion of the works.Water Resources• Overconsumption of water resourcesModerate• Priority must be given to the use of dry-cleaning methodsLowBOT ContractorBiological EnvironmentBiological Environment• Impacts on Flora, Fauna and AvifaunaModerate• Limit human activity and vehicular movement to designated areas to minimize disturbances to wildlife.BOT Contractor / MWI and NEPCO• Schedule maintenance activities during daylight hours to reduce disruption to nocturnal species.• Remove any abandoned construction waste, materials, or piles that could obstruct wildlife movement corridors.• Install bird diverters, reflectors, or other visual markers on OHTL wires to reduce collision risks for large bird species.Low• Avoid and strictly prohibit wildlife persecution, hunting, and all forms of animal and plant collection and active taking.• Design and implement an extensive terrestrial biodiversity monitoring program as part of project requirements to assess environmental conditions before, during, and after the completion of the construction works so that the ‘new’ baseline conditions before operation commences are determinedSocial EnvironmentSocial Tension• Social tension between local and foreign workersModerate• Draft and implement Code of Conduct for workersLowBOT Contractor / MWI and NEPCO• Ensure that workers sign and area aware of Code of Conduct• Respond to culturally insensitive behaviour and incidents as a matter of priorityLand Acquisition, Land Use and Aesthetics• Reduce the value of lands nearby the OHTLModerate• Engage with local tourism authorities and residents to identify ways to mitigate aesthetic concernsLowBOT Contractor and NEPCO•Infrastructure and Public Services• Traffic congestion • Use of public utilitiesLow• Develop and implement a Traffic Management Plan to minimize disruptions to local road networks.NegligibleBOT Contractor / MWI and NEPCO• Scheduled maintenance of the OHTL infrastructure• Provide clear signage and alternative routes for vehicles and pedestrians in affected areas.• Coordinate with local authorities to ensure timely notification of road closures or diversions.Public Health and Safety• Phenomenon of corona discharge from OHTL• Conduct routine monitoring of electromagnetic fields to ensure compliance with safety standards and address any community concerns.LowBOT Contractor / MWI and NEPCO• Prepare and abide by Health and Safety plan• The risk of electrical hazards, such as electrocution or firesModerate• Place clear and visible signage warning of potential electrical hazards and restricting access to operational areas.• Develop and implement Emergency Response Plans to handle incidents such as fires, electrocution, or spills promptly and effectively.• Workers shall wear personal protective equipment (PPE) including hard hats, safety glasses, slip resistant boots, and masks;• First aid kit shall be available at each working site;• Working with high-voltage equipment, heavy machinery, and at heights • Exposure to electromagnetic fields and corona discharge effects • Working from Height• At least one onsite worker trained in basic first aid shall be present onsite. If number of workers in one site exceeds 50 and less than 500, appoint a full-time nurse and a part time doctor.Occupational Health and SafetyModerate• The contractor shall conduct training and awareness meetings including safety toolbox talks, correct use of PPE, health and safety procedures, and handling hazardous material containers and related wastes. • Require two-person teams for all high-altitude maintenance tasks to ensure safety and emergency support.LowBOT Contractor / MWI and NEPCO• Restrict work at heights during adverse weather conditions• Use engineered climbing systems such as fixed ladders with safety cages, vertical lifelines, or ladder fall arrest systems on transmission towers.• Prepare and abide by a Waste Management Plan• Prohibit illegal disposal of broken or damaged solar panels onto the land.Solid and Hazardous Waste Management• Improper solid waste and PV panels disposal and inappropriate discharge of wastewaterModerate• The damaged panels will be stored at the Al-Swaqa Landfill, managed by the Ministry of Environment, until they can be reused or properly disposed of alongside other similar waste. It is worth noting that this is currently the only available method for managing the damaged PV panels in Jordan.LowBOT Contractor / MWI表8-4：环境与社会管理计划——运营阶段 ### 自然环境 #### 土壤 - 潜在影响：土壤侵蚀、板结与污染 - 影响显著性：低 - 缓解措施：制定并遵守污染防治管理计划与废物管理计划；工程完工后将项目区域恢复至原状。 - 剩余影响：可忽略 - 机构责任：建设-运营-移交（Build-Operate-Transfer, BOT）承包商 #### 水资源 - 潜在影响：水资源过度消耗 - 影响显著性：中等 - 缓解措施：优先采用干式清洁方法。 - 剩余影响：低 - 机构责任：BOT承包商 ### 生物环境 - 潜在影响：对植物群、动物群与鸟类群落的影响 - 影响显著性：中等 - 缓解措施：将人类活动与车辆通行限制在指定区域内，以最大程度减少对野生动物的干扰；将维护活动安排在日间进行，降低对夜行性物种的干扰；清除任何可能阻碍野生动物迁徙通道的废弃建筑垃圾、材料或堆积物；在架空高压输电线路（Overhead High Voltage Transmission Line, OHTL）导线安装鸟类驱避装置、反射器或其他视觉标记物，以降低大型鸟类的碰撞风险；避免并严格禁止迫害、猎杀野生动物，以及任何形式的动植物采集与主动猎捕；设计并实施全面的陆地生物多样性监测计划，作为项目要求的一部分，在施工前、施工期间及完工后评估环境状况，以确定运营启动前的“新”基线条件。 - 剩余影响：低 - 机构责任：BOT承包商 / 约旦水利与灌溉部（Ministry of Water and Irrigation, MWI）与国家电力公司（National Electric Power Company, NEPCO） ### 社会环境 #### 社会紧张局势 - 潜在影响：本地员工与外籍员工间的社会紧张关系 - 影响显著性：中等 - 缓解措施：制定并实施《员工行为准则》；确保员工签署并知悉《员工行为准则》；优先处理文化不敏感行为与事件。 - 剩余影响：低 - 机构责任：BOT承包商 / MWI与NEPCO #### 土地征收、土地使用与美学景观 - 潜在影响：降低OHTL周边土地的价值 - 影响显著性：中等 - 缓解措施：与当地旅游主管部门及居民沟通，确定缓解美学顾虑的可行方案。 - 剩余影响：低 - 机构责任：BOT承包商与NEPCO #### 基础设施与公共服务 - 潜在影响：交通拥堵；公共设施使用需求 - 影响显著性：低 - 缓解措施：制定并实施交通管理计划，最大程度减少对当地道路网络的干扰；定期维护OHTL基础设施；在受影响区域为车辆与行人设置清晰的标识与绕行路线；与当地主管部门协调，确保及时通报道路封闭或改道信息。 - 剩余影响：可忽略 - 机构责任：BOT承包商 / MWI与NEPCO #### 公共健康与安全 - 潜在影响：OHTL电晕放电现象；电击、火灾等电气危险风险 - 影响显著性：中等 - 缓解措施：对电磁场进行常规监测，确保符合安全标准并回应社区关切；制定并遵守《健康与安全计划》；设置清晰醒目的警示标识，提醒潜在电气危险并限制进入运营区域；制定并实施应急响应计划，以迅速有效处理火灾、电击或泄漏等事件；员工须佩戴个人防护装备（Personal Protective Equipment, PPE），包括安全帽、安全眼镜、防滑靴与口罩；每个工作现场须配备急救箱；针对高压设备、重型机械与高空作业：现场至少配备一名接受过基础急救培训的员工；若单个作业点员工人数超过50人且少于500人，则需任命一名全职护士与一名兼职医生。 #### 职业健康与安全 - 潜在影响：接触电磁场与电晕放电的影响；高空作业 - 影响显著性：中等 - 缓解措施：承包商须开展培训与宣传会议，包括安全工具箱会议、个人防护装备的正确使用、健康与安全程序，以及危险物料容器与相关废物的处理；所有高空维护任务须采用双人组队作业，以确保安全与应急支援；恶劣天气条件下禁止高空作业；在输电杆塔上使用标准化攀爬系统，如带安全笼的固定梯、垂直生命线或梯级防坠落系统；制定并遵守《废物管理计划》；禁止在土地上非法丢弃破损或损坏的光伏（Photovoltaic, PV）面板。 - 剩余影响：低 - 机构责任：BOT承包商 / MWI与NEPCO #### 固体与危险废物管理 - 潜在影响：固体废物与PV面板的不当处置；废水违规排放 - 影响显著性：中等 - 缓解措施：破损的PV面板将被存储于环境部管理的Al-Swaqa垃圾填埋场，直至其可被复用或与其他同类废物一同得到妥善处置。需说明的是，目前这是约旦境内处理破损PV面板的唯一可行方法。 - 剩余影响：低 - 机构责任：BOT承包商 / MWI