Women with long political careers in the Brazilian legislative branch (1950–2014)

Abstract This article analyzes the political trajectory of 62 women who, during 17 legislatures, exercised at least three terms, with at least one being in the position of federal representative, in order to answer the following question: what are the necessary requirements for women to have successful parliamentary careers in a country that places 151st among 187 countries reviewed in terms of women's participation in parliaments in 2017? The article is divided into two parts: the first part gives a general overview of the universe of women elected state and federal representatives between 1950 and 2014, a total of 653 deputies. The second part focuses on the 62 women who at least once reached the federal congress, the main focus of this study. The analysis of the trajectories of the 62 deputies showed that their long political careers follow the same traditional paths as their male peers, a finding that points to one of the main reasons for the scarce presence of women in Brazilian political life.摘要 本文针对62名女性的政治生涯轨迹展开分析。这些女性在17届议会任期内累计任职至少三届，且至少有一届担任联邦众议员（federal representative），旨在回答如下问题：在2017年女性议会参与度在187个受评估国家中位列第151位的国家，女性要拥有成功的议会职业生涯，需要具备哪些必要条件？本文分为两个部分：第一部分对1950年至2014年间当选州及联邦众议员的女性研究总体（共计653名议员）进行概况梳理；第二部分聚焦本研究的核心对象——62名曾至少一次进入联邦议会的女性。对这62名议员的职业生涯轨迹分析显示，其漫长的政治生涯与男性同僚遵循着相同的传统路径，这一发现揭示了巴西政治生活中女性占比稀缺的核心原因之一。