Occupational risks of commercial restaurant workers in the metropolitan region of Recife-PE

Abstract: With the modern and fast pace of life, the number of people who eat out has increased; consequently there has been an increase in the demand for work in establishments in the collective meals sector, making work environments susceptible to the emergence of occupational risks which may compromise the physical, mental and social health of workers. In order to mitigate these risks, one must have the knowledge of how they can interfere in the quality of life and work of the employees. Considering these aspects, occupational risks were evaluated in two restaurants in the metropolitan area of Recife-PE. For the evaluation of these were studied the levels of noise, heat and illumination. The chemical risks and physical-ergonomic relationship were also evaluated. It was observed in all the analyzes made, some type of discomfort to the collaborators. The noise analysis showed discomfort, where the waiter was exposed to levels of 83 dB, in the heat exposure the cooking area contributed to the thermal discomfort, where the exposure of 30.7 IBTUG was found and insufficient lighting in the area of washing pots with 86 lux. Risks arising from the incorrect use of PPE's and lack of these were found in the handling of chemicals and in the ergonomic risks was observed inadequacy of the height of worktops. From these results, it is fundamental to promote corrective measures to provide a comfortable work environment with reduced wear for the employee, so that there are no negative consequences for the company, as well as the customer.

摘要：随着现代生活节奏加快，外出就餐人群数量持续攀升；集体餐饮行业的用工需求随之增长，作业环境因此易滋生职业风险，进而可能损害从业者的躯体健康、心理健康与社会适应健康。为缓解此类职业风险，需明确其对员工生活质量与工作状况的影响路径。基于上述背景，本研究对巴西伯南布哥州累西腓都会区的两家餐厅开展职业风险评估。本次评估检测了噪声、热环境与照度水平，同时分析了化学性职业风险及物理-人机工效学相关风险。所有检测分析均显示，餐厅员工存在不同程度的不适反应。噪声检测结果表明，服务员暴露于83分贝的环境中会产生不适；热环境评估显示，烹饪区域的热暴露引发了热不适，检测到湿黑球温度（IBTUG）达30.7；洗锅区域的照度仅86勒克斯，照明严重不足。在化学品操作环节中，发现存在个人防护装备（Personal Protective Equipment，PPE）使用不当及配备缺失的问题；人机工效学评估则发现操作台高度存在适配缺陷。基于上述研究结果，需针对性推行整改措施，打造舒适的作业环境以降低员工的身体损耗，从而避免对企业及顾客造成负面影响。