PSYCHOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY: DATA ON BRAZILIAN ADOLESCENTS

ABSTRACT Introduction Although the benefits of regular physical activity (PA) for adolescents are well-described in the literature, there is little evidence of the role of psychosocial aspects on levels of PA in this population. Objective To investigate the prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with enjoyment of PA and preference for leisure-time activities in boys and girls. Methods A cross-sectional study, with 6529 adolescents (aged 15 to 19 years) enrolled in secondary education in public schools in the South of Brazil. Logistic regression was used to analyze the association between sociodemographic factors and the variables of interest, with data collection using a standardized questionnaire. Results Boys enjoyed (87.1%) and preferred (44.4%) PA more than girls (enjoyment: 79.2%; preference: 29.5%). Among the boys, enjoyment was associated with family income(OR3-5 wages=1.53; OR≥6 wages=1.62) and, among the girls, it was associated with age (OR19 years=0.28), occupational status (ORworkers=1.45), and income (OR3-5 wages=1.35). Preference was associated with age (OR19 years=2.48) and income (OR≥6 wages=0.70) among the boys and, among girls, it was associated with area of residence (ORrural=1.47) and occupation (ORworkers=1.31). Conclusion Boys (enjoyment: 87.1%; preference: 44.4%) had more positive attitudes toward PA than girls (enjoyment: 79.2%; preference: 29.5%), and some sociodemographic variables appear to be more closely associated with these attitudes than others. Enjoyment was associated with family income for boys, and with age, occupation and income for girls. Preference, in turn, was associated with age and family income for boys, and area of residence and occupational status for girls. Level of evidence II, Diagnostic studies - Investigation of a diagnostic test.摘要 引言 尽管规律性体力活动（Physical Activity, PA）对青少年的益处已在文献中得到充分阐述，但目前针对社会心理因素对该群体体力活动水平的影响的相关证据仍较为匮乏。 研究目的 探究男女生群体中体力活动愉悦感与休闲活动偏好的流行情况，及其关联的社会人口学因素。 研究方法 本研究为横断面研究，纳入巴西南部公立中学在读的6529名15至19岁青少年。采用标准化问卷开展数据收集，通过逻辑回归（Logistic Regression）分析社会人口学因素与目标变量间的关联。 研究结果 男生的体力活动愉悦感占比（87.1%）与休闲活动偏好占比（44.4%）均高于女生（愉悦感：79.2%；偏好：29.5%）。在男生群体中，体力活动愉悦感与家庭收入相关（比值比（Odds Ratio, OR）3-5倍薪资组=1.53；比值比≥6倍薪资组=1.62）；在女生群体中，愉悦感则与年龄（比值比19岁组=0.28）、职业状况（比值比务工者组=1.45）及家庭收入（比值比3-5倍薪资组=1.35）相关。男生的休闲活动偏好与年龄（比值比19岁组=2.48）及家庭收入（比值比≥6倍薪资组=0.70）相关；而女生的休闲活动偏好则与居住区域（比值比农村组=1.47）及职业状况（比值比务工者组=1.31）相关。 研究结论 男生对体力活动的积极态度占比（愉悦感：87.1%；偏好：44.4%）高于女生（愉悦感：79.2%；偏好：29.5%），部分社会人口学变量与这类态度的关联更为紧密。具体而言，男生的体力活动愉悦感与家庭收入相关，女生的愉悦感则与年龄、职业状况及家庭收入相关；男生的休闲活动偏好与年龄及家庭收入相关，女生的偏好则与居住区域及职业状况相关。本研究证据等级为II级，属于诊断类研究——诊断试验调查研究。