Between-group differences in variables.

The key to rural revitalization lies in talent revitalization. Cultivating a workforce that understands agriculture, loves rural areas, and cares for farmers, while retaining talent in rural regions, is of greater significance for comprehensively advancing rural revitalization. From the perspective of farm household part-time farming, this study takes the One Village, One University Student program as an example. Using survey data from 2552 farm households across 12 counties (cities and districts) in Jiangxi Province, China, and employing the ESR model, this study empirically analyzes the impact of rural revitalization talent cultivation on farm household part-time farming. It further explores the differentiated effects of various educational levels and learning modes of talent cultivation on the part-time farming. The results show that rural revitalization talent cultivation significantly reduces the degree of part-time farming, with higher-level education and correspondence education having particularly pronounced effects in enhancing agricultural skills and production efficiency. Based on these findings, this paper proposes policy recommendations to intensify rural revitalization talent cultivation, improve the educational levels and content, optimize educational modes, and strengthen the policy advocacy, aiming to further promote rural economic development and increase farmers’ income.乡村振兴的关键在于人才振兴。培育一支懂农业、爱农村、爱农民的工作队伍，并留住乡村本土人才，对于全面推进乡村振兴具有重要意义。本研究从农户兼业视角出发，以"一村一名大学生计划"（One Village, One University Student program）为研究案例，使用中国江西省12个县（市、区）2552户农户的调研数据，采用ESR模型（ESR model），实证分析了乡村振兴人才培育对农户兼业行为的影响，并进一步探讨了不同培育层次与学习模式的人才培育对农户兼业行为的异质性影响。研究结果表明，乡村振兴人才培育可显著降低农户兼业程度，其中高层次学历教育与函授教育在提升农业技能与生产效率方面效果尤为显著。基于上述研究结论，本文提出强化乡村振兴人才培育、优化教育内容与层次、完善教育模式、加强政策宣传等政策建议，以期进一步推动农村经济发展与农民增收。