Dynamic modelling of a liquid hydrogen loading cycle from onshore storage to a seaborne tanker.

For liquid hydrogen (LH2) to become a global, carbon-free energy commodity, scaling-up of liquefaction, storage and transport technologies requires extensive research and engineering. The present work analyses a large-scale LH2 transfer process from onshore storage to seaborne storage by dynamic simulations. Initial precooling of the transfer lines can be achieved by circulation of the naturally occurring boiloff gas from the onshore tank. In the subsequent LH2 transfer phase, the net vapour return flowrate to be handled in the hydrogen liquefier increases. An ejector is used to recompress the vapour return flow, the entrainment ratio of
which increases from 5.7 % to 7.7 % due to the additional boiloff during LH2 transfer. Simulation results for a preliminary ejector design show ample recompression capacity, which indicates that the increased vapour return can be re-liquefied at the cost of additional refrigeration load and power in the liquefier.

若要推动液氢（LH2）成为全球性无碳能源商品，其液化、储存与运输技术的规模化发展亟需开展系统性研究与工程实践。本研究采用动态模拟方法，对从陆上储存设施至海运储存环节的大型液氢输送过程展开分析。输送管线的初始预冷可通过循环利用陆上储罐自然产生的蒸发气实现。在后续液氢输送阶段，氢液化装置所需处理的净回蒸气流率将有所升高。本研究采用喷射器对回蒸气流进行再压缩，由于液氢输送过程中额外产生蒸发气，该喷射器的引射比将从5.7%提升至7.7%。针对初步设计的喷射器开展的模拟结果显示，其具备充足的再压缩能力，这表明提升的回蒸气流可通过液化装置额外增加的制冷负荷与功耗实现再液化。