AIR POLLUTION LEVELS, MAJOR SOURCES, AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES

This study examines the level of atmospheric air pollution in the conditions of Tashkent city and Kashkadarya region, with particular emphasis on the key anthropogenic factors contributing to its formation. The concentrations of major air pollutants, including particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), and carbon monoxide (CO), were evaluated over the period 2023–2026. The findings indicate that Tashkent exhibits elevated levels of PM2.5 and NO₂, primarily associated with increased traffic density and rapid urbanization processes. In contrast, higher SO₂ concentrations observed in the Kashkadarya region are largely attributed to industrial activities and fuel-energy sector emissions. Furthermore, the study proposes scientifically grounded measures aimed at improving air quality and enhancing environmental protection.本研究聚焦塔什干市与卡什卡达里亚州的大气污染水平，重点探讨污染形成的关键人为驱动因素。调研周期为2023年至2026年，期间对细颗粒物（PM2.5，particulate matter）、二氧化氮（NO₂）、二氧化硫（SO₂）及一氧化碳（CO）等主要大气污染物的浓度进行了系统评估。 研究结果表明，塔什干市的PM2.5与NO₂浓度显著偏高，这主要与当地日益增长的交通流量及快速推进的城市化进程密切相关。与之形成鲜明对比的是，卡什卡达里亚州观测到的SO₂浓度较高，其主要诱因是工业活动与燃料能源行业的废气排放。 此外，本研究还提出了具备科学依据的空气质量改善方案与环境保护强化举措。