Data from: Do singles or couples live healthier lifestyles? trends in Queensland between 2005-2014

Objectives: To compare the frequency of and trends in healthy lifestyle
factors between singles and couples. Methods: Cross-sectional data from
annual surveys conducted from 2005-2014 were used. The pooled sample
included 15,001 Australian adults (mean age: 52.9 years, 50% male, 74%
couples) who participated in the annual Queensland Social Survey via
computer-assisted telephone interviews. Relationship status was
dichotomised into single and couple. Binary logistic regression was used
to assess associations between relationship status, and the frequency of
and trends in healthy lifestyle factors. Results: Compared to singles,
couples were significantly more likely to be a non-smoker (OR = 1.82), and
meet recommendations for limited fast food (OR = 1.12), alcohol
consumption (OR = 1.27) and fruit and vegetable intake (OR = 1.24). Fruit
and vegetable intake was not significantly associated with relationship
status after adjusting for the other healthy lifestyle factors. Conversly,
couples were significantly less likely to be within a normal weight range
(OR = 0.81). In both singles and couples, the trend data revealed
significant declines in the rates of normal weight (singles: OR = 0.97,
couples: OR = 0.97) and viewing TV for less than 14 hours per week
(singles: OR = 0.85, couples: OR = 0.84), whilst non-smoking rates
significantly increased (singles: OR = 1.12, couples: OR = 1.03). The BMI
trend was no longer significant when adjusting for health behaviours.
Further, in couples, rates of meeting recommendations for physical
activity and fruit/vegetable consumption significantly decreased (OR =
0.97 and OR = 0.95, respectively), as did rates of eating no fast food (OR
= 0.96). These trends were not significant when adjusting for the other
healthy lifestyle factors. In singles, rates of meeting alcohol
recommendations significantly increased (OR = 1.08). Conclusions: Health
behaviour interventions are needed in both singles and couples, but
relationship status needs to be considered in interventions targeting
alcohol, fast food, smoking and BMI. Further research is needed to
understand why health behaviours differ by relationship status in order to
further improve interventions.

研究目的：比较单身群体与伴侣群体健康生活方式因素的发生频率及变化趋势。
方法：本研究采用2005至2014年年度调查的横断面数据（cross-sectional data）。合并样本共纳入15001名澳大利亚成年受试者（平均年龄52.9岁，男性占比50%，伴侣关系者占74%），所有受试者均通过计算机辅助电话访谈（computer-assisted telephone interviews）参与昆士兰州社会调查（Queensland Social Survey）。研究将婚恋状况二分为单身与伴侣关系两类，采用二元逻辑回归（binary logistic regression）分析婚恋状况与健康生活方式因素的发生频率及变化趋势之间的关联。
结果：与单身群体相比，伴侣群体更有可能为非吸烟者（比值比（Odds Ratio, OR）=1.82），且更符合限量快餐摄入（OR=1.12）、饮酒（OR=1.27）以及蔬果摄入（OR=1.24）的推荐标准。在校正其他健康生活方式因素后，蔬果摄入与婚恋状况无显著关联。反之，伴侣群体处于正常体重范围的可能性显著更低（OR=0.81）。无论是单身群体还是伴侣群体，趋势数据均显示，正常体重比例（单身群体：OR=0.97；伴侣群体：OR=0.97）以及每周看电视时长少于14小时的比例均出现显著下降，而非吸烟比例则显著上升（单身群体：OR=1.12；伴侣群体：OR=1.03）。在校正健康行为因素后，身体质量指数（Body Mass Index, BMI）的变化趋势不再显著。进一步来看，伴侣群体中符合体力活动推荐标准以及蔬果摄入推荐标准的比例均出现显著下降（分别对应OR=0.97与OR=0.95），完全不摄入快餐的比例同样呈下降趋势（OR=0.96）。但在校正其他健康生活方式因素后，上述趋势均不再显著。而单身群体中符合饮酒推荐标准的比例则显著上升（OR=1.08）。
结论：单身群体与伴侣群体均需开展健康行为干预，但在针对饮酒、快餐摄入、吸烟及身体质量指数的干预中，需将婚恋状况纳入考量。未来仍需进一步研究以阐明婚恋状况影响健康行为的潜在机制，从而进一步优化相关干预措施。