Data from: The crested newt Triturus cristatus recolonized temperate Eurasia from an extra-Mediterranean glacial refugium

We assess the role of the Carpathians as an extra-Mediterranean glacial refugium for the crested newt Triturus cristatus. We combine a multilocus phylogeography (one mitochondrial protein-coding gene, three nuclear introns, and one major histocompatibility complex gene) with species distribution modelling (projected on current and Last Glacial Maximum climate layers). All genetic markers consistently show extensive genetic variation within and genetic depletion outside the Carpathians. The species distribution model suggests that most of the current range was unsuitable at the Last Glacial Maximum, but a small suitable area remained in the Carpathians. Triturus cristatus dramatically expanded its postglacial range, colonizing much of temperate Eurasia from a glacial refugium in the Carpathians. Within the Carpathians, T. cristatus persisted in multiple geographically discrete regions, providing further support for a Carpathian ‘refugia within refugia’ scenario.

本研究针对喀尔巴阡山脉作为冠北螈（Triturus cristatus）地中海外冰期避难所的作用展开评估，并结合了多位点系统地理学（multilocus phylogeography）分析——涵盖1个线粒体蛋白编码基因（mitochondrial protein-coding gene）、3个核内含子（nuclear introns）以及1个主要组织相容性复合体基因（major histocompatibility complex gene）——与物种分布模型（species distribution modelling）分析，模型基于当前及末次盛冰期（Last Glacial Maximum）气候图层构建。所有遗传标记均一致显示，喀尔巴阡山脉内部存在丰富的遗传变异，而山脉外部则呈现显著的遗传耗竭现象。物种分布模型结果表明，该物种当前分布范围的绝大部分区域在末次盛冰期并不适宜生存，但喀尔巴阡山脉内部仍留存有小片适宜栖息地。冠北螈（Triturus cristatus）在冰期后大幅扩张了其分布范围，从喀尔巴阡山脉的冰期避难所出发，拓殖了温带欧亚大陆的大部分区域。在喀尔巴阡山脉内部，冠北螈（Triturus cristatus）在多个地理上相互隔离的区域持续存活，进一步为喀尔巴阡山脉存在“避难所内的避难所”的演化情景提供了支持。