Spatiotemporal distribution of evapotranspiration over the Mongolian Plateau during 2001-2020

蒸散量(ET)是指植被和地表土壤向大气输送的水汽通量总量,是水热调节的重要组成部分,对植物生产力、水分循环等过程有影响。蒙古高原地区干旱少雨、雨水资源分布不均,了解其时空分布特征对水资源调控具有重要意义。本研究基于SFE-NP模型计算了蒙古高原实际ET的时空分布特征,生成了2001—2020年蒙古高原区域空间分辨率为1km、时间分辨率为月的地表 ET数据集。本数据集与ERA5_Land ET数据集之间的相关系数R、判定系数R 2和均方根误差RMSE分别为0.78、0.62和0.97,表明本数据集精度较高,估算结果可靠。Evapotranspiration (ET) refers to the total water vapor flux transported from vegetation and surface soil to the atmosphere. It is an important component of hydrothermal regulation and affects processes such as plant productivity and water cycle. The Mongolian Plateau is arid with scarce rainfall and unevenly distributed water resources. Understanding its spatiotemporal distribution characteristics is of great significance for water resource regulation. This study calculated the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of actual ET over the Mongolian Plateau based on the SFE-NP model, and generated a surface ET dataset with a spatial resolution of 1 km and a monthly temporal resolution for the period 2001–2020 over the Mongolian Plateau. The correlation coefficient R, coefficient of determination R² and root mean square error (RMSE) between this dataset and the ERA5_Land ET dataset are 0.78, 0.62 and 0.97, respectively, indicating that this dataset has high accuracy and reliable estimation results.