Surface Water: Stage, Temperature and Discharge, Teller Road Mile Marker 27, Seward Peninsula, Alaska, 2016-2021

Surface water data were collected at one location in the Teller Mile 27 (TL_MM27) Research Basin Site, Seward Peninsula (N64 43' 35.29649", W165 56' 48.42823"). The site was installed and measurements collected from April 2016 to September 2021. During the pandemic, a combination of environmental factors (both animals and climate) led to a gap in the data record from late 2019 to June 2021. Station restarted in June 2021 with the same basin outlet and instrumentation type. These data are being collected to better understand the hydrology of this research basin. The data could also be used as supporting measurements for other research and modeling activities.
Stream stage and water temperature are measured every 10 minutes. Discharge in the stream is also measured every site visit using one of two different methods. Most discharge measurements in this data set use the classic US Geological Survey (USGS) style wading rod to measure water velocity at multiple points (every 5 or 10 centimeters) across a known cross-section (https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3-a8/pdf/tm3-a8.pdf). The second method is the salt-slug mass diffusion method (https://www.uvm.edu/bwrl/lab_docs/protocols/2005_Moore_Slug_salt_dilution_gauging_volumetric_method_Streamline.pdf). Combining the continuous data record with the discrete observations, a stage-discharge relationship was developed. Dataset contains 14 *.csv files including a data dictionary and file-level metadata plus one user guide *.pdf file.
DATASET UPDATE: The 2016-2019 data were published in 2019. Data collection continued through 2021 and were added to the dataset in 2025. There were no changes to the 2016-2019 data. Data files now have all years for a measurement combined into one file; whereas before, each measurement and each year had an individual file.
The Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic (NGEE Arctic), was a research effort to reduce uncertainty in Earth System Models by developing a predictive understanding of carbon-rich Arctic ecosystems and feedbacks to climate. NGEE Arctic was supported by the Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research. The NGEE Arctic project had two field research sites: 1) located within the Arctic polygonal tundra coastal region on the Barrow Environmental Observatory (BEO) and the North Slope near Utqiagvik (Barrow), Alaska and 2) multiple areas on the discontinuous permafrost region of the Seward Peninsula north of Nome, Alaska. Through observations, experiments, and synthesis with existing datasets, NGEE Arctic provided an enhanced knowledge base for multi-scale modeling and contributed to improved process representation at global pan-Arctic scales within the Department of Energy's Earth system Model (the Energy Exascale Earth System Model, or E3SM), and specifically within the E3SM Land Model component (ELM).

本数据集采集了阿拉斯加州苏厄德半岛（Seward Peninsula）泰勒英里27号（Teller Mile 27，简称TL_MM27）研究盆地站点一处点位的地表水数据，点位坐标为北纬64°43′35.29649″，西经165°56′48.42823″。该站点于2016年4月至2021年9月间布设并开展观测。受新冠疫情期间动物活动与气候等多重环境因素影响，2019年末至2021年6月期间的数据记录出现缺失。观测站点于2021年6月重启，沿用原盆地出水口与同款观测仪器。
本数据集的采集旨在深入理解该研究盆地的水文过程，同时也可作为其他研究与建模工作的辅助观测数据。
河道水位与水温每10分钟自动采集一次。每次站点巡测时，采用两种方法之一测定河道径流量。本数据集内多数径流量测定采用经典的美国地质调查局（US Geological Survey，USGS）涉水测杆法，在已知河道断面内按每5或10厘米的间隔在多个测点测定水流流速，具体方法可参考文档：https://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/tm3-a8/pdf/tm3-a8.pdf。第二种方法为盐团质量扩散法，具体规程可参考：https://www.uvm.edu/bwrl/lab_docs/protocols/2005_Moore_Slug_salt_dilution_gauging_volumetric_method_Streamline.pdf。通过整合连续观测序列与离散实测数据，研究人员建立了水位-径流量关系曲线。本数据集包含14个*.csv格式文件（含数据字典与文件级元数据）以及1份用户指南*.pdf文件。
数据集更新说明：2016-2019年的观测数据已于2019年发布。后续观测工作持续至2021年，相关数据已于2025年补充至本数据集，且2016-2019年的原始数据未做任何修改。当前数据文件已将同类型观测的全年度数据合并为单个文件，而此前每份观测、每年度的数据均单独存储为独立文件。
下一代生态系统实验：北极（Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments: Arctic，NGEE Arctic）是一项研究计划，旨在通过深化对富碳北极生态系统及其气候反馈机制的预测性认知，降低地球系统模型（Earth System Models）的不确定性。该项目由美国能源部生物与环境研究办公室（Department of Energy's Office of Biological and Environmental Research）资助。NGEE Arctic项目设有两处野外研究站点：1）位于阿拉斯加州乌特恰维克（原巴罗）附近的北坡巴罗环境观测站（Barrow Environmental Observatory，BEO）内的北极多边形苔原海岸区域；2）阿拉斯加州诺姆以北苏厄德半岛的不连续多年冻土区的多处区域。通过实地观测、控制实验以及与现有数据集的综合分析，NGEE Arctic项目为多尺度建模构建了更完善的知识库，并助力美国能源部地球系统模型（能源超算地球系统模型，Energy Exascale Earth System Model，E3SM），尤其是其陆面模型组件（ELM），在全球及泛北极尺度上提升了生态过程的表征精度。