Validation of method to monitor methaemoglobinaemia in birds using small (5 µL) blood samples in New Zealand bird fauna.

A minimally invasive blood sampling technique was produced to allow data to be generated from birds as small as 10 g in body mass. <br> These are data were used to validate the alternative and non-lethal method to determine the susceptibility of 9 birds to a methaemoglobin-forming agent. Data collection was typically at T0, 1 h, 3h, 24h, 48h, 72h with additional samples taken to monitor welfare states if required. <br> Data were collected from domestic chicken pullets (Hyline strain), pekin ducks (<em>Anas platyrhynchos</em>) and Japanese quail (<em>Coturnix japonica</em>), black-backed gulls (<em>Larus dominicanus</em>), pukekos (<em>Porphyrio melanotus</em>), North Island brown kiwi (<em>Apteryx mantelli</em>), weka and eastern rosellas (<em>Platycercus eximius)</em>. <br> Absorbance (630 nm and 575 nm), lactate, and haemoglobin data were generated by different instruments and summarised in this spreadsheet before formal analysis. Detailed clinical notes and data were recorded on a paper record (not included but archived at Manaaki Whenua - Landcare Research). <br> Data are used for the calculation of a methamoglobin absorbance index (MIA) that is denoted in these data as Eq 2 that was validated against a decline in haemoglobin (HbFe2+) using 5 micro L blood samples. <br> Haemoglobin (Hb) is normally maintained in the ferrous valence (HbFe2+) enabling it to form oxyhaemoglobin (HbO) for the transport of oxygen (O2). A methaemoglobinaemia absorbance index (MAI = absorbance 575 nm – absorbance 630 nm) was strongly and significantly associated with dose-dependent declines in HbFe2+in 9 bird species. Absorbance data were generated over the full range of the spectrometer (350 – 1000 nm) from 3 µL blood samples pipetted into a disposable cuvette (EKF Diagnostic: Cardiff, United Kingdom). The cuvette window was placed in the spectrometer’s light path using a custom-built holder that was 3D printed from opaque black polylactic acid (PLA) and inserted into a machined aluminium block housing that accepted the SMA 905 connectors from the optical fibre terminators(Ocean Optics: Largo, USA). Lactate (LAC) was measured using the Lactate Scout® (EKF diagnostics, Germany) by pipetting between 0.5-0.8 µL of whole blood onto the biosensor and reading the result as mmol L-1. A further 1 µL of whole blood was pipetted to the biosensor of the Cera-Chek total haemoglobin (Hbt) and packed cell volume (PCV) point-of-care monitor and read as g Hb dL-1and % of the cell fraction in the sample respectively. <br> <br> <br>

本研究开发了一种微创采血技术，可从体重低至10克的鸟类身上获取实验数据。
本数据集所收录的数据用于验证一种非致死性替代方法，以确定9种鸟类对形成高铁血红蛋白（methaemoglobin）的药剂的易感性。数据采集时间点通常设置为T0、1小时、3小时、24小时、48小时、72小时，若有需要还可额外采集样本以监测动物福利状态。
试验采集了以下物种的样本：海兰品系后备蛋鸡、北京鸭（Anas platyrhynchos）、日本鹌鹑（Coturnix japonica）、黑背鸥（Larus dominicanus）、紫水鸡（Porphyrio melanotus）、北岛褐几维鸟（Apteryx mantelli）、韦卡秧鸡（weka）以及东部玫瑰鹦鹉（Platycercus eximius）。
本数据集包含由不同仪器采集的吸光度（630 nm与575 nm）、乳酸盐（lactate）以及血红蛋白（haemoglobin）数据，在正式分析前已整理至本电子表格中。详细的临床记录与原始数据均记录于纸质档案中（未随本数据集提供，现存档于Manaaki Whenua - 兰地保育研究中心（Landcare Research））。
本数据集数据用于计算高铁血红蛋白吸光度指数（methaemoglobin absorbance index, MIA），本数据集中将其记为公式2；该指数通过5微升血液样本测得，以血红蛋白亚铁形式（HbFe2+）的下降量作为验证基准。
血红蛋白（Hb）通常以亚铁价态（HbFe2+）形式存在，以此可形成氧合血红蛋白（oxyhaemoglobin, HbO）以完成氧气（O2）的运输。本研究提出的高铁血红蛋白血症吸光度指数（methaemoglobinaemia absorbance index, MAI = 575 nm吸光度 - 630 nm吸光度）与9种鸟类HbFe2+的剂量依赖性下降呈显著强相关。吸光度数据通过3微升全血样本采集获得，将血液移液至一次性比色皿（EKF诊断公司，英国加的夫）后，在光谱仪全波段（350~1000 nm）下扫描得到。比色皿窗口通过定制支架置于光谱仪光路中，该支架由不透明黑色聚乳酸（polylactic acid, PLA）3D打印而成，并安装于经过机加工的铝制模块外壳内，该外壳可适配光纤终端的SMA 905连接器（Ocean Optics公司，美国拉戈）。乳酸盐（LAC）含量采用Lactate Scout®检测仪（EKF诊断公司，德国）测定：将0.5~0.8微升全血移液至生物传感器上，检测结果以mmol·L⁻¹为单位输出。此外，取1微升全血移液至Cera-Chek全血红蛋白（total haemoglobin, Hbt）与红细胞压积（packed cell volume, PCV）即时检测仪的生物传感器上，分别以g Hb·dL⁻¹与样本细胞组分占比（%）的形式输出检测结果。